translation-AlcoholandLiverDisease.doc

饮酒与肝脏疾病 Alcohol and Liver Disease 饮酒过量饮酒可导致三种类型的肝脏疾病： 脂肪肝、肝炎和肝硬化。如果您在推荐的安全范围饮酒你是不太可能出现下面所述的这些健康问题。对于由酒精所引起的各种疾病，主要的治疗方法就是完全戒酒。 Drinking too much alcohol can lead to three types of liver conditions - fatty liver, hepatitis, and cirrhosis. You are unlikely to develop these problems if you drink within the recommended safe limits detailed below. For all types of liver disease caused by alcohol, the main treatment is to stop drinking alcohol completely. 肝脏的作用是什么？ 肝脏位于腹部的右上部分。它的功能包括： 1、存储糖原，由糖制成的化学物质。当身体需要他时，糖原被分解成葡萄糖被释放到血液中； 2、帮助处理由食物消化所产生的脂肪和蛋白质； 3、制造对于血液凝结有重要作用的蛋白质（凝血因子）； 4、处理所摄取的大量有毒有害物质； 5、有助于分解体内的酒精、毒药和体内毒素； 6、制造胆汁使其从肝脏向肠道转移的过程中消化脂肪。 What does the liver do? The liver is in the upper right part of the abdomen. Its functions include: Storing glycogen, a chemical made from sugars.When required, glycogen is broken down into glucose which is released into the bloodstream. Helping to process fats and proteins from digested food. Making proteins that are essential for blood to clot(clotting factors). Processing many medicines which you may take. Helping to remove or process alcohol, poisons and toxins from the body. Making bile which passes from the liver to the gut and helps to digest fats. 当你饮酒时会发生什么？ 当你饮酒时，酒精通过胃和肠道被吸收进入血液。所有经过胃和肠道的血液在全身循环之前会首先通过肝脏。所以，流入肝脏的血液含有最高的酒精浓度。 肝细胞所含的酶（化学物质）能够对酒精起到代谢作用。酶将酒精分解成其他的化学物质，这些化学物质再分解成水和二氧化碳。然后通过尿液和肺部排出体外。肝细胞在一个小时内只能代谢固定数量的酒精。因此，如果你饮酒的速度比你的肝脏处理酒精的速度更快，那么酒精含量在你的血液中就会上升。 What happens when you drink alcohol? When you drink alcohol, it is absorbed into the bloodstream from the stomach and intestines. All blood from the stomach and intestines first goes through the liver before circulating around the whole body. So, the highest concentration of alcohol is in the blood flowing through the liver. Liver cells contain enzymes (chemicals) which process (metabolise) alcohol. The enzymes break down alcohol into other chemicals which in turn are then broken down into water and carbon dioxide. These are then passed out