练习题 Micosoft Word 文档.docVIP

牛津英语6A英语语法(二) 一般过去时 定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。 结构：“主语+动词的过去式” 用法： 1.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 He was here yesterday. I got up at seven yesterday morning. My mother was at work yesterday afternoon. Did you have a good time last summer? 2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 My mother often went to work by taxi last year. When I was a student, I often listened to music. 3. 常与一般过去时态连用的时间有： at that time, then, at that moment, yesterday, yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)last night (week, month, year…),一 段时间+ago(several days ago), two days ago, a week ago, three years ago…in 1990, (in 1997…) ,just now, long before, long, long ago 二. 动词过去式构成规则 （一）1、一般在动词原形末尾加– ed help → helped, look → looked, play → played, work → worked, listen → listened, wash →washed, clean → cleaned, 2、结尾是 e 的动词加 -- d live---lived hope---hoped use---used like --- liked 3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加—ed stop---stopped plan---planned 4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—ed study---studied carry ---carried cry --- cried worry → worried (二) 动词过去式的读音规则 规则动词加-ed的读音:基本规则是轻轻,浊浊,既在轻辅音后加ed读轻辅音/t/。在浊辅音及元音后加ed读浊辅音/d/ 。 例： ask → asked /a:skt/, cook → cooked /kukt/, pass → passed /pa:st/, 例： move → moved /mu:vd/, live → lived / livd/, listen → listened /`lisnd/, stay → stayed /steid/ 在/t/ /d/ 之后念 /id/ , 即 ed 在 /t/ /d/ 音后面念 /id/ 例：shout → shouted // , start → started /sta:tid/,want → wanted /wantid/, need → needed /`ni:did/ (三)不规则动词的过去式： a.过去式与动词原形的拼写形式相同：let → let, put → put, read → read,(注意read的过去式读[red]) b. i → a: begin → began, drink → drank, give → gave, ring → rang, sing → sang, sit → sat, swim → swam c. i → o: drive → drove, ride → rode, write → wrote d. ow → ew: grow → grew, know → knew, throw → threw e. 含ough或augh的：bring → brought, buy → bought, think → thought；catch → caught, teach → taught f. am is ---was are ---were do---did can---could come---came 不规则动词的过去式平时出现要留心,逐个熟记,注意积累。 三. 句型转化： 1．be 动词的过去时的句型如下： (1)否定句： 主语 + be动词的过去式（was, were）+ not… (2)疑问句： be动词的过去式（was, were）+ 主语 …？ a.He was busy yesterday. (