FPGA技術调研报告.docxVIP

FPGA技术调研报告——全方位认识FPGA 宋国辉 201092032目录第一章：概述···························································1第一节 FPGA的发展概述···············································1第二节 FPGA的结构概述···············································2第二章：FPGA与各国发展···············································2第一节 FPGA与国外发展···············································2第二节 FPGA与中国发展···············································3第三章：FPGA与生产厂家···············································3第一节 FPGA与Xilinx···············································4第二节 FPGA与Altera···············································6第四章：FPGA与开发语言···············································7第一节 FPGA与Verilog···············································7第二节 FPGA与VHDL···················································8第五章：FPGA与应用···························.·············…·····.8第一节 电路设计中FPGA的应用 ·········································8第二节 产品设计 ······················································8第三节 系统级应用 ····················································9总结 ···································································9参考文献·······························································9第一章：概述第一节 FPGA的发展概述现场可编程门阵列FPGA（Field Programmable Gate Array）是20世纪80年代中期又没过Xilinx公司首先推出来的。随着半导体加工工艺的不断发展，FPGA在结构、速度、工艺、集成度和性能等方面都有了极大的改进和提高，与之相对应的设计方法学和自动化设计工具也得到迅速发展。简单的讲，现场可编程门阵列FPGA是一种可以变成的数字集成电路IC（Integrated Circuit），它包含了可配置的逻辑块一劫逻辑块之间的互连线。所谓的现场可编程是指设计人员可以通过在工作现场完成对这些逻辑块和连线的配置，以实现或改变复杂的电子系统的功能。为了对FPGA有一个较全面的认识，我们简要回顾一下FPGA发展相关的技术如图1所示，图纸的白色区域表示以开始研究该技术的时间，但是由于种种原因没有得到很好的推广。图1 FPGA技术发展过程第二节 FPGA的结构概述每一个FPGA生产厂斗殴自己的FPGA体系结构，但是所有厂家的FPGA机构中都包含了如图2所示的三个基本块，即可配置的逻辑块CLB、可配置的I/O模块和可编程互连资源。另外，在FPGA中有一个时钟电路用于驱动时钟信号到每个CLB中的触发器，还有一些其他逻辑资源如存储器、译码器等。随着FPGA的发展，各个厂家所提供的资源越来越丰富，如数字信号处理器DSP、锁相环PLL等。图2 FPGA的结构第二章：FPGA与各国发展第一节 FPGA与国外发展国外的 FPGA 的设计技术经过多年的发展和加工工艺已经成熟，产品门类齐全，可以提供上百个系列品种，芯片集成度已达到上百万门，并广泛应用于通信、航天、航空、导航、遥感、遥测、程控交换机等军、民用领域。目前，国内外可编程逻辑器件被美国几家著名大公司所垄断。其技术经过近二十年的经验积累，技术力量十分雄厚。器件尺寸达到 65nm，规模达到千万门级。各公司在宇航和军用电子元器件的发展十分迅速。世界排名前四的