lecturefour主旨大意题的解题技巧及应试策略（ⅱ）.docVIP

Lecture Four 主旨大意题的解题技巧及应试策略（Ⅱ）如何挑选答案 中心思想类：What is the main idea of this passage? The passage is chiefly about ? What is the author’s main concern? 做此类主旨题时注意分析文章的结构，查找文章的中心句及每段的主题句。英语四级阅读大多数文章都有较明确的中心句，一般出现在首段或末段；每段的主题句一般是首句或末句。对于引导段、过渡段和描述性段落等没有主题句的段落，可以忽略一些枝节性内容，根据作者的夹叙夹议归纳中心。Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom. But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdom” and consider means of promoting it. There are several factors that contribute to wisdom. Of there I should put first a sense of proportion: the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians. Suppose, for example, that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine. The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind. You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine. You succeed (let us say) as modern medicine has succeeded, in enormously lowering the infant death rate, not only in Europe and America, but also in Asia and Africa. This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that gave the greatest populations. To take an even more dramatic example, which is in everybody’s mind at the present time: you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested (无利害关系的) desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race. Therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments (增强) our capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity for evil,