从下面的文章我们了解到,对于一个设备用的arp协议而言.docVIP

从下面的文章我们了解到,对于一个设备用的ARP协议而言,重要的东西包括三方面:  一个本地的IP与MAC地址的缓存表.以有对应的更新和查询操作. 一个发送ARP请求的函数. 一个处理ARP回复的函数. 下面我们来看uIP中是如何实现的(代码见uip_arp.c:首先,定义一个缓存表的数据结构,99行起: struct arp_entry {u16_t ipaddr[2];struct uip_eth_addr ethaddr;u8_t time;}; 只有三个项,很简单第一项是ip地址,16*2=4*8位的,保存四个八位组.第二项是MAC地址.第三项是缓存更新时间. 下来是ARP请求发送函数: /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*//*** Prepend Ethernet header to an outbound IP packet and see if we need* to send out an ARP request.*为传出的IP包添加以太网头并看是否需要发送ARP请求.* This function should be called before sending out an IP packet. The* function checks the destination IP address of the IP packet to see* what Ethernet MAC address that should be used as a destination MAC* address on the Ethernet.*此函数应该在发送IP包时调用,它会检查IP包的目的IP地址,看看以太网应该使用什么目的MAC地址.* If the destination IP address is in the local network (determined* by logical ANDing of netmask and our IP address), the function* checks the ARP cache to see if an entry for the destination IP* address is found. If so, an Ethernet header is prepended and the* function returns. If no ARP cache entry is found for the* destination IP address, the packet in the uip_buf[] is replaced by* an ARP request packet for the IP address. The IP packet is dropped* and it is assumed that they higher level protocols (e.g., TCP)* eventually will retransmit the dropped packet.*如果目的IP地址是在局域网中(由IP地址与子网掩码的与逻辑决定),函数就会从ARP缓存表中查找有*无对应项.若有,就取对应的MAC地址,加上以太网头,并返回,否则uip_buf[]中的数据包会被替换成一个*目的IP在址的ARP请求.原来的IP包会被简单的仍掉,此函数假设高层协议(如TCP)会最终重传扔掉的包.* If the destination IP address is not on the local network, the IP* address of the default router is used instead.*如果目标IP地址并非一个局域网IP,则会使用默认路由的IP地址.* When the function returns, a packet is present in the uip_buf[]* buffer, and the length of the packet is in the global variable* uip_len.函数返回时,uip_buf[]中已经有了一个包,其长度由uip_len指定.*//*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/voiduip_arp_out