被动语态.语法概要.pptVIP

被动语态: 我们知道, 被动语态是由be + done(动词的过去分词)构成的被动语态构成比较 10: 动词不定式的被动语态 be to do---- be to be done be going to do---be going to be done Be about to do---be about to be done Eg: He is to read a novel A novel is to be read by him They are going to hold a meeting tomorrow. A meeting is going to be held tomorrow. They are about to shoot the murderer. The murderdr is about to be shot by them. （二）某些动词用主动表被动？ 1. The picture looks beautiful . 3. want, need, require 作“需要 ”解时及be worth ,in need of后接动词，常用动名词的主动形式表被动含义。 Eg: 1: The flower needs/ wants/ requires watering. Your hair needs/wants/requires cutting The computer needs/wants/requires reqairing 2: The film /music is worth listening to. 3: His teaching method is in need of improving 4. 不定式在某些形容词后作状语且和句子的主语（或宾语）构成逻辑上的动宾关系时： The sentence is easy to understand. She found the problem hard to deal with. The box is heavy to lift The picture is pleasant to look at The novel is interesting to read 此类形容词： difficult, comfortable, pleasant, fit, interesting, unfit, light, heavy, dangerous, etc. 5.不定式作名词的后置定语，和被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系，同时和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，不定式常用主动形式表被动含义： She had only a cold room to live in. I have a meeting to attend. I have a lot of homework to do She has many children to look after I gave him a cake to eat I gave him a book to read （五）英语中一些词的被动结构表主动意义 be dressed in, be seated in/at/beside/next to be addicted to , be determined to be devoted to,be absorbed in,be disappointed at, be lost in, be engaged in/be occupied in,be faced with Eg: 1.She is seated on the sofa. 2. Addicted to surfing the internet, the boy often escapes from classes. 3. Determined to give up smoking, he threw away his remaining cigarettes. 4. Disappointed at failing in the math exam, Kenta wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents. 5. Judith lay on the sofa, absorbed in her book. （六）介词in,on,under+名词短语表被动意义 常见的有：under control,under treatment,under repair,under discussion,under construction,beyond belief, beyond on