AmericanHistory概述.pptVIP

Significance and Effect of the War 5. Devising a Constitution In May 1787, a convention met in Philadelphia with instructions to revise the Articles of Confederation. The delegates – among whom were George Washington, Benjamin Franklin and James Madison – went beyond their mandate and drafted a new and more workable constitution. It established a stronger federal government empowered to collect taxes, conduct diplomacy, maintain armed forces, and regulate foreign trade and commerce among the states. Mandate: n. 命令，指令 The Constitution was accepted in 1788. Many Americans feared that a powerful central government would trample on the liberties of the people, and in 1791, Ten Amendments（修正案）- the Bill of Rights - were added to the Constitution. This document guaranteed freedom of religion, a free press, free speech, the right of citizens to bear arms, protection against illegal house searches, the right to fair trial by jury and protection against “cruel and unusual punishments.” the Bill of Rights:权利法案 5.Devising a Constitution 5. Devising a Constitution The constitution and the Bill of Rights struck a balance between two confliction but fundamental aspects of American politics – the need for a strong, efficient central authority and the need to ensure individual liberties. America’s first two political parties: the Republican party (defended the rights of the individual states and they appealed to small farmers) and the Federalist party (was the party of the prosperous class and would die out by 1820) divided along those ideological lines. Republican party ：共和党 Federalist party：联邦党 Ideological line：思想路线 After the adoption of the Constitution, New York was chosen as the capital and George Washington, the first president of the United States, was inaugurated on April 30th, 1789. George Washington governed in a Federalist style. Inaugurate [