to_do不定式概要.ppt

(3) 宾语 I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again. (4). 宾补 1)有些动词要求只接不定式作宾语： decide, learn, want, expect /hope/wish refuse, manage, care(愿意) , pretend offer, promise, choose, plan agree, ask/ beg, help 2)有些动词只接ing作宾语,常见的有： consider, suggest/ advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon; admit, delay/put off, fancy; avoid, miss, keep, practice; deny, finish, enjoy/ appreciate; forbid, imagine, risk; can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape; * 不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,其否定形式是“not/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“for+名词或代词宾格”构成。 不定式 结构 : to do (否定) not/never to do 动词不定式的句法功能 To have an ice cream is cool. I want to see you this evening. All you should do now is to remember today’s lesson. I want a pen to write with. He lowered his head to sleep. He asked his partner not to copy the homework. 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 三. 用法/ 功能 To see is to believe. It’s important to learn . (1). 主语 不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后, 用it作形式主语. My job to help the patient. Your task to clean the classroom. is is (2). 表语 常在系动词后面，作表语 think/ consider/ find /make/hear/see/feel it + adj to do advise, expect, order, want, warn, tell, allow, help, ask, 等 +sb to do sth The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help. I have something to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about. (5). 定语 不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。 I came here to see you. He got up early to catch the train. (6) 状语 In order to , so as to , enough to , only to , too….to., 常充当原因、结果、目的状语等，和独立结构。 Note: 表结果 不定式：意想不到的结果 V-ing： 顺其自然、理所应当的结果 I hurried to the station to see Tom off, only to find he had already left. We adopted new methods, improving the quality of our products. 重点! Remember them! 一、-ing形式与不定式的区别 不定式一般表示某个一次性的、具体的、未做的动作；而-ing形式则表示习惯的（泛指的）动作或一件已知的事或经验。 Getting up early is a good habit. To finish the work in a week