供應鏈管理之物流資訊系統架構分析.docVIP

供應鏈管理資訊系統架構之探討 林立千 吳偉銘 張雅富 國立高雄第一科技大學運輸與倉儲營運研究所 摘要 在供應鏈管理中一個很重要要素就是快速作決策的能力。這需要不斷累積的資料，再加上有效率和有效能的資訊系統。當整合供應鏈作業時，讓資訊能夠分享是相當重要；供應鏈管理必須是能提供良好的資訊交換，以滿足客戶、供應商和運送人在供應鏈作業時的需要。 本文描述資訊系統在個別企業內部，及其在供應商、客戶間與供應鏈組織中的角色，除探討物流資訊系統的不同應用架構，同時說明資訊系統在供應商、客戶間的供應鏈應用演進。本研究包括： 供應鏈體系中資訊系統的應用演進，當商業環境朝強調功能整合與運算能力時，資訊系統的應用將會成為供應鏈的核心功能。 以圖示矩陣表示資訊系統在企業內部、外部組織間與供應鏈體系的資訊系統應用架構。 最後就目前供應鏈資訊系統發展提出一些建議。 關鍵詞：供應鏈管理，全球運籌管理，物流資訊系統，資訊科技。 Abstract A key factor of supply chain management (SCM) is the ability to make strategic decisions quickly. It based on accurate data and this requires an efficient and effective information systems. Therefore, information sharing is important when integrating the supply chain. SCM should be based on the exchange of substantial quantities of information among the buyer, supplier, and carrier to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the supply chain. This study describes the role of IT systems within the individual firm, also with suppliers and customers, and within the supply chain. The article developing the strategic conceptual framework of LIS and traces the IT systems applied evolution among suppliers and customers. The content will include: (1) It examine several trends such as functional integration and increasing computing power in the business environment that suggest the information systems are one of critical functions of the supply chain. (2) Introduce a graphic matrix that traces the evolution of information systems from within the firm (intra-firm), between firms (inter-firm), and within a supply chain. (3) Finally, it gives some suggestion about current SCM information systems development. Keywords：Supply chain management (SCM), Global logistics management(GLM), Logistics information system (LIS), Information Technology (IT). IT)近年來的快速發展，國際間的距離已經不再相隔遙遠，國際市場的距離已經被推陳出新的資訊科技所縮短，也導致了”資源與競爭全球化”之市場發展趨勢【1】。企業應思考如何有效加速資訊流通(information flow)來運用多樣化、散佈在全球的資源，因應日益激烈的國際市場競爭，以獲取企業競爭的利基。 供應鏈管理(SCM)或全球運籌管理(GLM)是近年在國際企業中興起的新經營概念，主要意義是透過物流、資訊流、商流