ApplicationofLubricants.docVIP

Application of Lubricants Efficient operation of machinery largely depends not only on the lubricant selected but also on its method of application. 机械的有效运作在很大程度上不仅取决于润滑剂的选择还取决于润滑剂的应用方式。 Lubricants formerly were applied by hand, but modern machinery requires exact methods that can be precisely controlled. 润滑油以前都手动添加的，但是现代机器需要可以精确控制的准确方法操作。 For most machinery, different methods of lubrication and types of lubricants must be employed for different parts. 对于大多数机械而言，不同部位必须使用不同的润滑方法和润滑油。 In an automobile, for example, the chassis is lubricated with grease, the manual transmission and rear-axle housings are filled with heavy oil, the automatic transmission is lubricated with special-grade light oil, wheel bearings are packed with grease that has a thickener composed of long fibers, and the crankcase oil that lubricates engine parts is a lightweight, free-flowing oil. 例如，在汽车中，用润滑脂润滑底盘，用重油填充手动变速器和后桥壳，用特级轻质油润滑润滑自动变速器，用具有长纤维增稠剂油脂润滑轮毂轴承，用轻量级的自由流动的曲轴箱润滑油润滑发动机配件。 Application of Liquid Lubricants Mechanical devices to supply lubricants are called lubricators. 提供润滑油的机械设备称为润滑器。 A simple form of lubricator is a container mounted over a bearing or other part and provided with a hole or an adjustable valve through which the lubricant is gravity-fed at the desired rate of flow. 润滑器的一个简单形式是一个安装在轴承或者其他部件上的容器。上面开有小孔或者装有一个调节阀，这样润滑剂就可以在预定的流速下进油。 Wick-feed oilers are placed under moving parts, and by pressing against them they feed oil by capillary action. 油绳注油器设置在移动部件下方，通过挤压注油器使毛细管运动然后加油。 Horizontal bearings are frequently oiled by a rotating ring or chain that carried oil from a reservoir in the bearing housing and distributes it along the bearing through grooves or channels. 卧式轴承经常被一个旋转的环或链进行油从轴承座水库和分发它沿轴承通过凹槽或通道。 Bath oiling is useful where an oil-tight reservoir can be provided in which the bearing journal may be submerged; the pool of oil helps to carry away heat from contact surfaces. 油浴油致密储层是非常有用的，可以在其中滑动轴承可以浸入油池提供；帮助带走热量从接触面。 Splash-oiling devices are used where gears, bearings, or