函数发生器的设计(硬件).docVIP

函数发生器的设计（硬件） 摘要 DDS是一种全数字化的频率合成器，由相位累加器、波形ROM、D/A转换器和低通滤波器构成。时钟频率给定后，输出信号的频率取决于频率控制字，频率分辨率取决于累加器位数，相位分辨率取决于ROM的地址线位数，幅度量化噪声取决于ROM的数据位字长和D/A转换器位数。 DDS有如下优点：⑴ 频率分辨率高，输出频点多，可达 个频点(N为相位累加器位数)；⑵频率切换速度快，可达us量级；⑶ 频率切换时相位连续；⑷ 可以输出宽带正交信号；⑸ 输出相位噪声低，对参考频率源的相位噪声有改善作用；⑹可以产生任意波形；⑺ 全数字化实现，便于集成，体积小，重量轻，因此八十年代以来各国都在研制和发展各自的DDS产品，如美国QUALCOMM公司的Q2334，Q2220；STANFORD公司的STEL-1175，STEL-1180；AD公司的AD7008，AD9850，AD9854等。这些DDS芯片的时钟频率从几十兆赫兹到几百兆赫兹不等，芯片从一般功能到集成有D/A转换器和正交调制器。采用FPGA设计了任意波形发生器（三角波，锯齿波，调频波，调相波，调幅波等）。完成了硬件方面的设计。 关键词:直接数字频率合成 任意波形发生器 现场可编程门阵列 硬件部分 Function Generator Design（Hardware） Abstraet DDS is an all-digital frequency synthesizer, the phase accumulator, waveform ROM, D / A converter and low pass filter constituted. Given clock frequency, the output signal frequency depends on the frequency control word, the median frequency resolution depends on the accumulator, the phase resolution depends on the median line of the address ROM, amplitude quantization noise depends on the ROM data bit word length and D / A converter bits. DDS has the following advantages: ⑴ high frequency resolution, the output frequency and more, up to a frequency (N is the phase accumulator bits).⑵ frequency switching speed and magnitude of up to us.⑶ phase continuous frequency switching.⑷ broadband quadrature signal can be output. ⑸ output phase noise and low phase noise reference frequency source can alleviate. ⑹ can generate arbitrary waveforms. ⑺ all-digital implementation, easy integration, small size, light weight, so since the eighties research and development of all countries in the respective DDS products, such as the United States Q2334, Q2220, STEL-1175, STEL-1180, ADs AD7008, AD9850, AD9854 and so on. The DDS chips clock frequency from several megahertz to several megahertz Hz range, the chip features from the general to integrated D/A converters and quadrature modulator. FPGA design with arbitrary waveform generator (triangle wave, sawtooth wave, FM waves, phase modulation