英汉互译技巧-5上.ppt

第五章 英汉互译常用方法和技巧 （上） 5.1 增译法（amplification） 5.2 减译法（omission） 5.3 词类转换法（conversion） 5.4 重译法（repetition） 5.5 反译法 (negation) 翻译技巧中各种意译法的理论依据：内容与形式的相互推移 内容因素提升到语言形式：把隐含在字里行间的内容，用译入语中具体的语言形式表达出来。 语言形式变为内容因素：把语言形式化入译入语的字里行间。 增译法与减译法 E.g. He stood upon the steps, bewildered; he could hardly believe that it was true, —that the sky was above him again and the open street before him; that he was a free man. 他站在台阶上， 心情惶惑，简直不能相信这是真的—蓝天又在头上顶着，大街又在眼前展开，他又成了一个自由人了。 The copse was cut by many paths strewn with orange gravel. 小树林中有许多条布满黄色砂砾的小径。 增译法与减译法 内容因素提升到语言形式的途径：增译法 语言形式变为内容因素的途径：减译法 5.1.1 英译汉中的增词法 1.???? 增加动词 e.g. In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. Rostow was about to become, for lack of anyone or anything better, a very influential intellectual ? the wrong man at the wrong place with the wrong idea. 5.1.1 英译汉中的增词法 In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. 晚上在参加宴会，出席音乐会，观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。 Rostow was about to become, for lack of anyone or anything better, a very influential intellectual ? the wrong man at the wrong place with the wrong idea. 因为找不到比他更好的人，也没有更好的办法，于是罗斯托就要成为一个很有影响的知识分子了，这真是在错误的地方任用错误的人去实施他的错误主张。 5.1.1 英译汉中的增词法 2.???? 增加形容词 e.g. The plane twisted under me, trailing flame and smoke. O, Tom Canty, born in rags and dirt and misery, what sight is this! (Mark Twain) 飞机在下面螺旋下降，拖着浓烟烈焰掉了下去。 汤姆?康第，生在破烂、肮脏和苦难环境中，现在这番景象却是多么显赫啊！ 5.1.1 英译汉中的增词法 3.?? 增加副词 e.g. The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。 As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 He was fascinated by the political processes ?the wheeling and dealing of presidential politics, the manipulating, releasing and leaking of news, the public and private talks. 一幕幕政治花招真使他看入迷了：总统竞选活动中的勾心斗角，尔虞我诈；对新闻消息的幕后操纵、公开发表和有意透露，以及公开