数字信号处理——Chapt3.pptVIP

Chapter 3. The Discrete-Time Fourier Analysis Gao Xinbo School of E.E., Xidian Univ. Xbgao@ /teach/matlabdsp/ Introduction A linear and time-invariant system can be represented using its response to the unit sample sequence. h(n) is called as the unit impulse response y(n)=x(n)*h(n): system response The convolution representation is based on the fact that any signal can be represented by a linear combination of scaled and delayed unit samples. We can also represent any arbitrary discrete signal as a linear combination of basis signals introduced in Chapter 2. Introduction (con’t) Each basis signal set provides a new signal representation. Each representation has some advantages and disadvantages depending upon the type of system under consideration. When the system is linear and time-invariant, only one representation stands out as the most useful. It is based on the complex exponential signal set and is called the discrete-time Fourier Transform. The discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT) DTFT F[.] transforms a discrete signal x(n) into a complex-valued continuous function X of real variable w, called a digital frequency, which is measured in radians. Time domain --? Frequency domain Discrete --? Continuous Real valued --? Complex-valued Summation --? integral The range of w: The integral range of w: Examples 3.1 Determine the discrete-time Fourier transform of Result visualization with Matlab Complex function: magnitude and angle; real/imaginary part with respect to w The range of w: showing interval: [0,pi] Two important properties Periodicity: The DTFT is periodic in w with period 2pi Implication: we need only one period for analysis and not the whole domain Symmetry: For real-valued x(n), X is conjugate symmetric. Implication: to plot X, we now need to consider only a half of X: [0,pi] Symmetry Matlab Implementation If x(n) is of infinite duration, then Matlab can not be used directly to compute X from x(n).