必修五Unt4语法学案Microsoft Word 文档.docVIP

必修五 Unit4 Making the news Grammar 语法学案 Inversion 倒装 一：翻译下列句子并注意句中斜体字。 Near the church was a ruined cottage. 2. Little did he know that the police were about to arrest him. 3. Under no circumstances can we give up the plan. 4. So small was the mark that I could hardly see it. 二：人们在交际过程中常常需要突出某些重要信息使交际另一方接受和理解，称为强调。为了达到强调效果，人们常常借用语法手段，如变换句子的正常语序，将某个成分置于句首或句末，或者通过词汇手段突出句子的某个成分。英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前, 谓语在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前, 就叫倒装结构。 将某些句子成分移至句首而引起的主语和谓语词序的颠倒，称为：倒装 (Inversion)除了修辞需要，也有语法上的需要引起的倒装。 三：两类倒装：（一）全部倒装如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装;结构：提前成分+谓语动词+主语 用于 there be 句型。 (1). There are many students in the classroom. (2). There will be an important meeting in the afternoon. (3). There stands a stone bridge across the river. 2. 将状语here there, now, then前移，谓语动词一般为be, come, go的一般现在时或过去时. 例如： (1). Here comes the bus. (2). There goes the bell. (3). Now comes the chance. (4). Then came his turn. 代词作主语时, 主谓语序不变。 Here it is. 表示位置转移的副词out, in, up, down, high, low, away，ahead 等移至句首,谓语动词一般为 come, go, fly, rush, fall 等的一般现在时或过去时. (1). Out went the children. (2). Up went the rocket. (3). The driver couldn’t control his car and down came the car. 注意：代词作主语时, 主谓语序不变。 (1). In he comes. (2). Away he went. (3). Higher and higher it flew. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。常见谓语动词有be, lie, stand, hang, come等的一般现在时或过去时. (1)To the south of the city lies a big steel factory. (2) From the valley came a frightening sound. (3)Under the tree stands a little boy. 5. 表语置于句首时,也常引起全部倒装。 (1)形容词＋连系动词＋主语　 Present at the meeting were Mr White, Mr Smith and many other guests. (2) 过去分词＋连系动词＋主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. (3) 介词＋连系动词＋主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. （二）部分倒装:如果只把助动词或be动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。 结构：（提前成分）+情态动词/助动词+主语+（主要动词） 1. 用于疑问句。　 Do you speak English? Where have you been? 2. 句首为含有否定意义的副词如： never, not, seldom, hardly, scarcely, rarely, little,(几乎不) at no time, in no ti