Chapter11TheControlofGeneExpression课程.pptVIP

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Chapter 11 The Control of Gene Expression Animal Cloning 11.10 – 11.12 To Clone or Not to Clone… Genetically identical organism, which originated from a somatic cell nucleus of another organism There are a multitude of problems associated with cloning an organism Rapid onset of “old age” Age-related illness Ethical and evolutionary issues are being raised with the ability to clone to curb the extinction of endangered species Animal Cloning Nuclear Transplantation Nucleus of somatic cell placed into surrogate egg devoid of its own nucleus Reproductive cloning Results in live birth of an organsim Therapeutic cloning Performed using embryonic stem (ES) cells ES cells come from blastocyst Produce any type of cell Reproductive Cloning Cloning mammals presents an advantage not previously available Agriculture industry is using cloning technology to breed genetically identical stock with desired traits Pharmaceutical industry is experimenting with animals to produce drugs for disease treatment Human Clones 2001 ACT reported 1st human embryo clone South Korean research team announced 1st human clone in the blastocyst stage Cloning Issues Is it really practical and cost effective? Is it morally the right thing to do? Therapeutic Cloning ES cells divide indefinitely, and give rise to a variety of cell types Scientist hope to be able to grow tissues and organs in the lab for usage in therapy Alternative Research using adult stem cells Adult tissues have stem cells that can yield selective cell types Research is showing promise, and currently under investigation ES cells vs adult stem cells controversy shows no resolution in the near future * * *

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