第五部分循环程序设计课程.pptVIP

Chapter5 Repetition Structures Repetition Structure Repetition Structure Group of instructions computer executes repeatedly while some condition remains true Counter-controlled repetition (计数控制循环) Definite repetition: know how many times loop will execute Control variable used to count repetitions Sentinel-controlled repetition (条件控制循环) Indefinite repetition (当条件满足后，退出循环) Used when number of repetitions not known Sentinel（哨兵） value indicates end of data 程序员指定当某个条件一直为真时重复执行某个动作 如果条件“购物单上还有其他商品”为真时，就执行动作“购买下一个商品，并把它从购物单上划掉” 如果该条件一直为真，这个动作就会重复执行 最终，该条件为假，循环过程就会终止，程序将执行这个循环结构之后的第一个代码语句 The while Repetition Structure While while (condition) statement; The statement could be a single statement or a compound statement 这种结构称为“当型循环” Counter-Controlled Repetition Counter-controlled Repetition Repeat the cycle until the counter reaches a specific value Definite repetition times of cycle times are known Calculate the expression: 1+2+3+…+100 Example: Pseudocode: 设置总分（total）为0 设置分数计数器（counter）为1 while 分数计数器=10 输入下一个分数（grade） 把该分数加到总分上 对分数计数器加1 班级平均分（average）为总分除以10 显示班级平均分 Result Sentinel-controlled repetition Example 开发出一个班级平均分计算程序，每次执行该程序，都能够处理任意数量的学生分数。 indefinite repetition times of cycle times are unknown The do-while Repetition Structure do-while do statement while(condition); (1) The statement could be a single statement or a compound statement （2）称为“直到型循环” Example: Calculate the expression: 1+2+…+100 do-while and while Compare while and do-while The for Repetition Structure for for ( initialization; loopContinuationTest; increment )  statement; （1）The statement could be a single statement or a compound statement （2）称为“当型循环” Example: Calculate the expression: 1+2+…+100 #include stdio.h void main( ) { int i , sum=0; for(i=1;i=100;i++) sum=sum+i; printf(“1+2+3……+100=%d”,sum); } Attention: for ([initialization]; [loopContinuationTest]; [incr