汉译英上课内容.doc

Lesson One: Introduction About translation Translation is probably the most complex type of event in the history of the cosmos. (I. A. Richards) Translation is translating meaning. (Nida) Factors involved in translation: translator, author, source text, source-text readers, target text/translated text/target version, target-text readers 汉译英是译者将作者为汉语读者所写的汉语文本转换成功能相似、意义相符、供英文读者阅读的英语文本的活动。（陈宏薇） Translation covers various areas: literature, politics, culture, trade, science, media, etc. Therefore, it can generally be divided into literature translation, technological translation and practical translation. According to the translation method, translation roughly consists of full-text translation, abstract translation and adaptation translation. 1.2 Translation unit Word, phrase, sentence, paragraph, text Sentence: function, meaning, form Language functions: Informative: Look, that is a newly-built residential area. Expressive: I love you, my hometown. Interpersonal: Thank you for being with us! Good night! Vocative: Excuse me, could you please show me the way to Hangzhou Railway Station? Aesthetic: Time is precious. Cognitive: One plus one equals two. Metalingual function: Chinese is a tonal language. 信息功能：课本、技术报告、科技论文或会议议程等 呼唤功能：通知、广告等 表情功能：文学作品，特别是诗歌、演讲辞和私人信件等 Translator’s quality in CE translation 1.4.1 A good mastery of language Sense of grammar (1) 他发现前人研究地理的记载有许多不很可靠的地方。 O: He found there were many unreliable points in the geography record which be searched by the people before. R: Sense of idiomaticness (2) （一天，邻居王二婶不小心把钥匙锁在了家里，）很多热心人都前来帮忙，但都无济于事。人们找到了他，但被他拒绝了。 a. Many warm-hearted people came to help, but without any result. People wanted him to help, however, he refused them. b. Many warm-hearted neighbors came, but they could do nothing for her. So they turned to him for help, yet met with his refusal. Sense of coherence (3) 那人一只大手，向他摊着；一只手却撮着一个鲜红的馒头，那红的还是一点一点的往下滴。 This man was thrusting one huge extended hand towards him, while in the other he hel