Phrasestructurerule课程.pptVIP

Phrase structure rule 组员：吴燕梅 黄丽霞 白玉芳 尚英 王婷 Definition The certain grammatical mechanism that regulates the arrangement of the appropriate positions of specifiers, heads, and complements that make up a phrase is called a phrase structure rule. there are two phrase structure rules: XP rule Coordination rule The XP rule The XP rule: XP (specifier) X (complement) Head N V A P Nominal Phrase Rule 1: NP (Det) N eg: the boy, a cat, this girl, those women, some students,.... the, a ,this, those, some Det Rule2: NP N eg: Mary, water, horses... Rule3: NP AP N eg: naughty boys, red roses, beautiful cities... Rule4: NP Det AP N eg: a beautiful campus, a handsome boy, the wonderful travel Verbal phrase Rule1: VP V eg: sing, run, fly... Rule2: VP V NP eg: eat the cake, wash the dishes... Rule3: VP V NP Adv eg: eat the cake hungrily, clean the floor carefully... Rule4: VP V NP PP eg: sing a song in the shower, take a walk in the rain... Rule5: VP V PP Adv eg: fall into the pond suddenly, run out of the classroom excitedly... Adjectival phrase Rule1: AP Adj eg: beautiful, useful, red, grammatical... Rule2: AP AP Adj eg: an interesting old English book, the sweet yellow Canadian pears... Prepositional phrase Rule1: PP P eg: in, on, of... Rule2: PP P NP eg: from a boy in a shop above the table in the kitchen... Coordination rules Definition Some structures are formed by joining two or more elements of the same type with the help of a conjunction such as?and?or?or. Such phenomenon is known as coordination. 借助连词, 如或将两个或两个以上相