MicrowaveTechnologynotes11.ppt

Microwave Technology(notes 11) Dr. Wenquan Che Chapter 7 Microwave Network Basis Contents Motivation Equivalent concepts of non-TEM lines (*) equivalent voltages, equivalent currents, equivalent impedances Impedance and Admittance Matrices (阻抗和导纳矩阵) The Scattering Matrix (散射矩阵)(*) The Generalized S-parameters (归一化的S参数) It is usually much easier to apply the simple and intuitive ideas of circuit analysis to a microwave problem than it is to solve Maxwell’s equation for the same problem. 用直观和简洁的电路分析方法来解决微波问题比求解麦克思韦方程容易得多.场理论给出了所研究的空间中每个点的电场和磁场分布.但很多时候我们不需要了解这么详细的信息.(第一个原因) Sometimes, we are usually interested in only the voltage or current at a set of terminals, the power flow through a device, or some other type of “global” quality, as opposed to a minute description of the response at all points in space. 有时,我们只对器件终端的电压电流,流经电路的功率,或其他宏观的物理量感兴趣, 并不想了解电路或器件的内部细节. Attention!! There are some situations, however, where such circuit analysis techniques are an oversimplification, leading to erroneous results. In such cases one must resort to a field analysis approach, using Maxwell’s equations. Origination of the Microwave Network Theory It was originally developed in the service of radar system and component development at the MIT Radiation Lab in 1940s. 首先由MIT提出 It was continued and extended at the Microwave Research Institute, which was organized at the Polytechnique Institute of Brooklyn in 1942. 由布鲁克林工学院的微波研究所的研究人员加以发展。 The researchers there included E. Weber, N. Marcuvitz, A. A. Oliner, L. B. Felsen, A. Hessel etc. 本章的学习思路和内容(**) 在场论和传输线理论的基础上,引入微波网络理论.(因为简单,直观,可以更方便地处理有很多元件组合而成的电路或系统) 描述微波网络特性的是一些矩阵参数,往往是用端口电压电流来定义网络矩阵参量. TEM模传输线有明确的电压电流定义,但非TEM模传输线却没有,因此要引入等效电压,等效电流的定义.(既然特性阻抗是行波电压和电流的比值,所以也有等效特性阻抗的概念) 几种网络矩阵参数的定义及应用 几种网络矩阵参量的换算 网络外部参量 7.1 Equivalent Network of Microwave Connector As we know, it is nearly impossible to measure the voltage and current at microwave bands. 在微波频段无法测量电流电压. The reason lies in that the effective terminal pair for defini