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slides in powerpoint.ppt

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slides in powerpoint

Winter 2002 Arthur Keller – CS 180 Winter 2002 Arthur Keller – CS 180 Schedule Today: Jan. 10 (TH) Relational Model, Functional Dependencies. Read Sections 3.1-3.5. Jan. 15 (T) Normal Forms, Multivalued Dependencies. Read Sections 3.6-3.7. Assignment 1 due. Jan. 17 (TH) Relational Algebra. Read Chapter 5. Project Part 1 due. Jan. 22 (T) SQL Queries. Read Sections 6.1-6.2. Assignment 2 due. Relational Model Table = relation. Column headers = attributes. Row = tuple Beers Relation schema = name(attributes) + other structure info.,e.g., keys, other constraints. Example: Beers(name, manf) Order of attributes is arbitrary, but in practice we need to assume the order given in the relation schema. Relation instance is current set of rows for a relation schema. Database schema = collection of relation schemas. Relational Data Model Set theoretic Domain — set of values like a data type Cartesian product (or product) D1 ??D2 ??... ? Dn n-tuples (V1,V2,...,Vn) s.t., V1 ??D1, V2 ??D2,...,Vn ??Dn Relation-subset of cartesian product of one or more domains FINITE only; empty set allowed Tuples = members of a relation inst. Arity = number of domains Components = values in a tuple Domains — corresp. with attributes Cardinality = number of tuples Relation: Example Name address tel # 5 3 7 Cardinality of domain Domains N A T N1 A1 T1 N2 A2 T2 N3 A3 T3 N4 T4 N5 T5 T6 T7 Relation Instance Name Address Telephone Bob 123 Main St 555-1234 Bob 128 Main St 555-1235 Pat 123 Main St 555-1235 Harry 456 Main St 555-2221 Sally 456 Main St 555-2221 Sally 456 Main St 555-2223 Pat 12 State St 555-1235 About Relational Model Order of tuples not important Order of attributes not important (in theory) Collection of relation schemas (intension) Relational database schema Corresponding relation instances (extension) Relatio