中学高三英语高考语法复习笔记-情态动词全国通用.docVIP

中学英语语法复习笔记-情态动词 一．?动词的种类：实义动词---及物动词，不及物动词??????????? 助动词??????????? 连系动词??????????? 情态动词A.?实义动词---及物动词，不及物动词a)掌握几对动词??????? 不及物????????????? 及物1.进入??????????? come into??????????? enter2.逃离??????????? run/escape from????? flee,fled,fled3.升起??????????? rise,rose,risen??????? raise4.坐????????????? sit,sat,sat??????????? seat? eg.我坐着。I sit/am seated/seat myself.The guests were_________in the front rows___________to the president attentively. A.seating;listened?? B.seating;listening? C.seated;listened???? D.seated;listening??????? 5.serve the people/ marry sb---get married to sb6.动词变化：lie躺---lie说谎---lay放置，产卵，铺设????????? hang吊死------hang挂????????? feel—felt, felt????????? fall---fell,fallen??????? b) 瞬间动词和延续性动词的区别borrow----keep??????????????????????????? begin----have been onbuy----have?????????????????????????????? leave----have been away fromreach-------have been in/at?????????????????? join-----have been in/a member of die----be dead?????? marry/be married to---- get married to????????? know-----get to knowB.?助动词 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：　 a. 表示时态，例如：　　　He is singing.　他在唱歌。　　　He has got married.　他已结婚。　 b. 表示语态，例如：　　　He was sent to England.　他被派往英国。　 c. 构成疑问句，例如：　　　Do you like college life?　你喜欢大学生活吗？　　　Did you study English before you came here?　 你来这儿之前学过英语吗？　 d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：　　　I dont like him.　 我不喜欢他。　 e. 加强语气，例如：　　　Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。　　　He did know that.　 他的确知道那件事。最常用的助动词有： 1. do, does, did2.be am, is are/ was, were3.have, has, had4. will, shall助动词be的用法1） be +现在分词，构成进行时态，例如：They are having a meeting.　他们正在开会。English is becoming more and more important. 英语现在越来越重要。2)　be + 过去分词，构成被动语态，例如：The window was broken by Tom..　窗户是汤姆打碎的。English is taught throughout the world.　世界各地都教英语。3） be + 动词不定式，可表示下列内容：　a. 表示最近、未来的计划或安排，例如：　　 He is to go to New York next week..　他下周要去纽约。　　 We are to teach the freshpersons.　我们要教新生。　　说明： 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法。　b. 表示命令，例如：　　You are to explain this.　对此你要做出解释。