届高考理科数学第一轮总复习课件65.pptVIP

* 第七章 直线与圆的方程 第讲 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 考点 搜索 高考 猜想 ●点与圆、直线与圆、圆与圆的位置关系 ●过圆上一点的切线方程，相交圆的公共弦所在的直线方程 1. 判定点、直线与圆的位置关系. 2. 根据直线与圆的位置关系求有关量的值或取值范围. 3. 求直线与圆的方程. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 1. 已知点P(x0,y0)和圆C:(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2，若点P在圆内，则(x0-a)2+(y0-b)2_____;若点P在圆上，则(x0-a)2+(y0-b)2_____；若点P在圆外，则(x0-a)2+(y0-b)2______. 2. 已知直线l:Ax+By+C=0和圆C:(x-a)2+(y-b)2=r2 (r＞0)，圆心C到直线l的距离为d，则当_____时，直线l与圆C相交；当______时，直线l与圆C相切;当_____时，直线l与圆C相离. ＜r2 =r2 r2 dr d=r dr Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 3. 设⊙O1的半径为R,⊙O2的半径为r (R＞r),两圆的圆心距|O1O2|=d,则当_______时,两圆内含;当______时,两圆内切;当______时,两圆外切;当_______________时,两圆相交;当 _______时,两圆外离. 4. 已知点M(x0,y0)和圆O:x2+y2=r2 (r＞0).若点M在圆O上,则过点M的圆的切线方程是 ___________;若点M在圆O外，过点M作圆的两条切线,切线长|MA|=|MB|= ___________. d＜R-r d=R-r d=R+r R-r＜d＜R+r dR+r x0x+y0y=r2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. *5. 若圆O1:x2+y2+D1x+E1y+F1=0和圆O2：x2+y2+D2x+E2y+F2=0相交于A、B两点,则公共弦AB所在的直线方程是.;经过两圆交点的圆系方程是. ___________________________________. (D1-D2)x+(E1-E2)y +F1-F2=0 +D1x+E1y+F1)+μ(x2+y2+D2x+E2y+F2)=0 λ(x2+y2 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 1.圆x2+y2-4x+4y+6=0截直线x-y-5=0所得的弦长等于() 解：易知圆心(2,-2)到直线x-y-5=0的距离为， 又圆的半径为2,所以弦长为 A Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 2.圆x2+y2-4x=0在点P(1, )处的切线方程为( )A. x+y-2=0B. x+y-4=0C. x-y+4=0D. x-y+2=0解法1：x2-4x+(kx-k+)2=0. 该二次方程应有两个相等的实根， 即Δ=0，解得k=. 所以y-3=(x-1)，即x-y+2=0. D Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. * 解法2：因为点(1， )在圆x2+y2-4x=0上， 所以点P为切点，从而圆心与P的连线应与切线垂直. 又因为圆心为(2，