What is a computer1知识点.docVIP

What is a computer Computer: A computer is simply a machine. A computer takes data and turns it into information. Data: Data includes facts. Types of data: Text( letters), Numbers, Pictures, Sounds, Video. Information: Information is data that has been given meaning by humans or a machine. Information is useful because it produces knowledge and can be used to make decisions. Information Processing Cycle: Stores information or data for late use. Describe Each Computer Function Input: Computer accepts data. You can input data using a keyboard, clicking a mouse, pointing a stylus, and speaking into a microphone. Processing: Computer processes(changes) data to complete a task you have given it. For example: Performs calculations. Output: Computer presents data “after” processing. For example: Screen Display, Printed Report. Storage: Saves data/output for later use. Example: Floppy disk, CD, DVD, Hard Disk, USB Stick. Parts of a computer Hardware: Physical components of the computer. If you can touch it, it’s hardware. Examples: screen, mouse, keyboard. Peripherals: Those components that are attached to the computer through cables or wireless technology. For example: Printer, Projector, speakers. Application Software: Programs (Set of instructions) which tell the computer “step by step” what to do. Programs perform a specific task/activity. Example: Microsoft Word, Excel. Operating System: The main program which runs the computer system. Examples: Windows XP. Input devices Input device is accepts data. Moves information inside the computer for “processing”. Examples: Keyboard, Joystick, Flat-bed Scanner, Magnetic Tape, USB Memory Stick. Output devices Output device is the device that processed data into useful form. Examples: Monitor, Magnetic Disk, CD, Speakers. Types of Output Hard Copy: Output printed on permanent media. Examples: paper, transparency, film. Softcopy: Output that is in electronic form. Examples: Computer Screen. Forms of Output Text: reports, le