Bi3+—Fe3+混合溶液各组分含量的测定.doc

Bi3+—Fe3+混合溶液各组分含量的测定 作者：丁大双 学校：武汉大学 摘要 在络合滴定过程中，有沉淀掩蔽法、络合掩蔽法、还有氧化还原掩蔽法。何为氧化还原掩蔽，就是当某种价态的共存离子对滴定有干扰时，利用氧化还原反应改变干扰离子的价态以消除干扰的方法。本次设计实验通过用EDTA溶液测定铋离子和铁离子混合溶液中各组分的含量，进而掌握配制EDTA标准溶液的方法，学会用氧化还原掩蔽法进行掩蔽某种离子的办法，掌握连续滴定、分步滴定的原理与条件。 Bi3+和Fe3+均能与EDTA形成稳定络合物，它们的㏒k分别为27.94, 25.1.由于两者㏒k相差不大，故不能直接利用EDTA的酸效应来滴定，而Fe2+的㏒k=14.33.故可考虑使用还原剂来还原Fe3+，从而可以滴定Bi3+的含量和Fe2+的含量。第一步可滴定Bi3，加入抗坏血酸掩蔽Fe3+，以二甲酚橙为指示剂。然后六亚甲基四胺调节Ph，加入二甲酚橙指示剂，再用EDTA标准溶液滴定。通过两次滴定可分别求出Bi3+与Fe3+的浓度。该方法简便易行且准确度高，基本符合实验要求。 关键词 络合滴定 氧化还原掩蔽法 EDTA溶液 指示剂 抗坏血酸 Summary In Complex metric titration, there are precipitation masking, complex masking method, as well as oxidation-reduction method of masking. What is a redox masking is when a certain State of coexistent ions on titration when there is interference, using redox reactions change the way the State of interfering ions to eliminate interference .In this experiment, using EDTA solution for this design study for the determination of bismuth ions and iron-ion content of each component in the mixture, then master the methods of preparation of standard solution of EDTA, learn how to use masking certain ions by radix masking method approach, mastering continuous titration, the principles and conditions of stepwise titration. Bi3+ and Fe3+ are able to form stable complexes with EDTA, their 27.94, 25.1 ㏒ k respectively. Because of ㏒ k difference cannot make direct use of EDTA titration with acid, and Fe2+ ㏒ k=14.33. so consider using reducing agents to restore Fe3+, allowing titration of Bi3+ and Fe2+ content. First steps and titration Bi3, add Ascorbic acid masking Fe3+, with xylenol orange as the indicator. Then add the six n-methyl to adjust Ph, add xylenol Orange indicator and titration with EDTA standard solution. Can be obtained by titration with two concentrations of Bi3+ and Fe3+. The method is simple and accurate, meet experimental requirements. Keywords Complex metric titration, Oxidation-reduction method of masking, EDTA liquid, Indicator, Ascorbic a