词汇与语法(4非谓语动词)2009年11月资料.ppt

Non-infinitive 一、分类： 1、动词不定式（to）do 2、分词 doing/ done 3、动名词 doing 二、特点： 1、不能单独作谓语 2、没有人称和数的变化 不定式的句法功能 1.作主语： To make a speech here is an honor. To lose heart means failure. 动词不定式短语作主语时，常用形式主语it作形式主语，如上两句可用如下形式： It is an honor to make a speech here. It means failure to lose heart. 不定式的句法功能-主语 常用结构： It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth. It+be+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth. It’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English. It is foolish of you to make such a mistake. =You are foolish to make such a mistake. 与of连用的形容词 clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, ki