2017IYPT试题.docx

2017年IYPT试题1. Invent YourselfConstruct a passive device that will provide safe landing for an uncooked hen’s egg when dropped onto a hard surface from a fixed height of 2.5 m. The device must fall together with the egg. What is the smallest size of the device you can achieve?发明创造:请制作一个装置，使他具有如下技能：保护一个生鸡蛋，在自由落体之后鸡蛋不坏。自由下落高度是2.5米。这个装置必须和鸡蛋一起下落。你能做到的安全保护鸡蛋的装置，最小能有多大？2. Balloon AirhornA simple airhorn can be constructed by stretching a balloon over the opening of a small container or cup with a tube through the other end (see Figure). Blowing through a small hole in the side of the container can produce a sound. Investigate how relevant parameters affect the sound.?气球号角:通过把气球套在一个杯子（或者其他的柱状容器）开口上，就可以制作一个号角了。通过小孔吹气，就能响。如图所示。请研究一下这里面哪些变量和这个声音有关。3. Single Lens TelescopeA telescope can be built using a single lens, provided that a small aperture is used instead of an eyepiece. How do the parameters of the lens and the hole influence the image (e.g. magnification, sharpness and brightness)??单透镜望远镜:如果利用小孔作为目镜，我们就能制作一个单透镜望远镜了。请问单透镜的、小孔的哪些参量，会影响成像？4. Magnetic HillsA small amount of a ferrofluid placed in an inhomogeneous magnetic field forms hill-like structures. Investigate how the properties of these structures depend on relevant parameters.?磁场山:铁磁性的液体，放在不均匀磁场中，会产生出类似山峰的形状。请研究有关变量，分析这些构造的性质。5. Leidenfrost StarsIn the Leidenfrost effect, a water drop placed on a hot surface can survive for minutes. Under certain circumstances, such a drop develops oscillating star shapes. Induce different oscillatory modes and investigate them.?莱顿弗罗斯特星:莱顿弗罗斯特效应里面，一个水滴，可以在炙热的表面上存在几分钟。在某些特殊的条件下，这样的水滴会产生星形振动。请引入不同的振动模式，并且研究他们。6. Fast ChainA chain consisting of wooden blocks inclined relative to the vertical and connected by two threads (see Figure) is suspended vertically and then released. Compared to free fall, the chain falls faster when it is dropped onto a horizontal surface. Explain this phenomenon and investigate how the relevant parameters affect the motion.?快链条:一个链条由若干木棍稍微和水平相比有一定角度，然后用两跟