basic chemical English课件.pptVIP

Pharmaceutical English Basic Chemical English 1. Chemical elements Translate by pronunciation Translate by meaning Translate by both means a. Translate by pronunciation b. Translate by meaning c. Translate by both means 2. Chemical groups element Basic organic groups 3. Compounds functional groups Compounds Functional groups 4. Prefix and Suffix Position Number Rotation Oxidation Suffix A．糖-ose 例: glucose; dextrose; 乳糖lactose B．酶-ase或enzyme 例: 乳糖酶lactase; 酰胺酶amidase; 羧化酶carboxylase; 青霉素酶penicillinase; 胞内酶 intracellular enzyme C．胺-amine 例: 氯胺chloramine; 二环己基胺dicyclohexyl amine; 二甲基胺dimethyl amine D．酰胺-amide 例: 乙酰胺acetamide; 硫酰胺sulphamide;磷酰胺phosphamide E．酰亚胺-imide 例:聚酰亚胺polyimide; 丙二酰亚胺malonimide F．苯胺-aniline 例: 硝基苯胺nitroaniline; 对甲基苯胺p-methyl aniline G. 后缀-ide、-ate、-ite的比较与分析 硫酸 sulfuric acid 亚硫酸 sulfurous acid 硫化物 sulfide: 硫化钠 sodium sulfide 硫酸盐 sulfate: 硫酸钠 sodium sulfate 亚硫酸盐 sulfite: 亚硫酸钠 sodium sulfite 磷酸 phosphoric acid 亚磷酸 phosphorous acid 磷化物 phosphide: 二磷化钙calcium phosphide 磷酸盐 phosphate: 磷酸钙calcium phosphate 亚磷酸盐 phosphite: 亚磷酸钙calcium phosphite 硝酸 nitric acid 亚硝酸 nitrous acid 氮化物 nitride: 一氮化三钠 sodium nitride 硝酸盐nitrate: 硝酸钠 sodium nitrate 亚硝酸盐 nitrite: 亚硝酸钠sodium nitrite 高氯酸 perchloric acid 氯酸 chloric acid 亚氯酸 chlorous acid 次氯酸 hypochlorous acid 氯化物 chloride 高氯酸盐 perchlorate 氯酸盐 chlorate 亚氯酸盐 chlorite 次氯酸盐 hypochlorite Translation training polytetrafluoroethylene sodium hydroxide butyl acetoacetate hexose diphosphate hexosediphosphatase hexosephosphate dehydrogenase sodium thiosulphate ethyl thiocarbonate * Inorganic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Analytical Chemistry Physical Chemistry Chemical elements Chemical groups Compounds functional groups Prefix and Suffix [/liqi?m] [tai/teinj?m] chloro- chloroform iodoform 氧: oxygen→oxy- 氢: hydrogen→hydro- 羟基: hydroxy- hydrocarbon atom functi