张世鸿,张千策,韩豫萍有机磷农药在土壤中降解转化的研究进展.docVIP

有机磷农药在土壤中降解转化的研究进展 张世鸿1 张千策1* 韩豫萍2 （1.云南大学化学科学与工程学院 昆明 650091；2.云南大学城市建设与管理学院 摘 要 有机磷农药的大量使用所造成的严重土壤污染是目前农业亟待解决的问题之一。本文对吸附水解、光催化降解及生物降解三方面的国内外研究现状及其相关领域的研究进展进行了较全面系统的评述。并在此基础上提出研究中存在的不足, 包括研究缺乏等问题。针对这些问题, 本文 关键词 有机磷农药 土壤 吸附水解 光催化降解 生物降解 中图分类号：文献标识码: A Research rogress on the degradation process of organophosphorus pesticides in soil ZHANG Shi-Hong 1, ZHANG Qian-Ce 1* ,HAN Yu-Ping2 （1.School of Chemical Science and Technology,Yunnan University , Kunming 650091,China; 2.School of Urban Construction and Management,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China） Abstract Environmental pollution in agriculture, which is caused by the heavy utilization of organophosphorus pesticides, has been one of the key problems to be solved urgently. Organophosphorus pesticide residues remaining in soil may pollute crops not sprayed on with pesticides,which might do harm to health of human being throughout the food chain,as well as bring along with a barrier to the export of agricultural products. In this article, the study of the absorption-catalytical，photocatalytical and microbial degradation of organophosphorus pesticides in soil is summarized and the mechanism of degradation process together with related research progress are introduced. Subsequently, deficiencies in previous studies are pointed. Such as the mechanism of the two types of hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides in soil is seldom studied while still remains unclear. In addition, the blank of photocatalytic degradation with multi-element doped or catalyst except TiO2 demands to be filled up.Futhermore, researches on microbial degradation of organophosphorus pesticides always ignores the study of fungi. Therefore, those methods as followed are suggested : the protoplast fusion technology of cell engineering, the recombinant DNA technology of genetic engineering ,as well as genomic databases should be referred to, in order to discover high-yield and efficient micro-organisms for the degradation of organic phosphoru