中译英技巧-语篇衔接和连贯.ppt

第十章 汉英翻译中的衔接与连贯 Demonstrative Reference Ellipsis Conjunction 词汇衔接 Same subject Same predicate： Same object： Same attributive： Same adverbials Using certain logical relation 在Halliday和Hasan看来,衔接是一种非结构性语篇意义关系,它侧重于句间不同成分之间的语义联系。他们把形成衔接的非结构性意义关系分为五种类型: 照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接。 Reference- personal reference 我赤裸裸来到这世界，转眼间（我）也将赤裸裸的回去罢？但（我）不能平的，(我)为什么偏要白白走这一遭啊？ I have come to this world, stark-naked; am I to go back in a blink in the same nakedness? It is not fair though: why should I have made this trip for nothing!(张培基，2002：74) 这(些),那(些)---to refer to person or objects 这儿,那儿,这里,那里---to refer to the location in space 这会儿,那会儿---to refer to the location in time 这么,那么,这样,那样---to refer to quality, state and degree He has his own positive opinion on all matters; not an unwise one, usually, for his own ends; and will ask no advice of yours. 它对于所有的事情都有明确的主见。就达到目的而言，其见解往往并非愚鲁之见。 Here we know that repetition is the phenomena that English tries to avoid but strongly favored by Chinese. Substitution 1)Efforts on the part of the developing nations are certainly required. So is a re-ordering of priorities to give agriculture the first call on national resources. (Takashi Oka: The Hungry World) 发展中国家作出努力当然是必须的。调整重点让农业优先占有自然资源也当然是必须的。 2)Darcy took up a book; Miss Bingley did the same. (J.Austin: Pride and Prejudice) 达西拿起一本书来。彬格莱小姐也拿起一本书来。(蔡基刚,2003:10) He has no work to do---tyrannical insects to obey. The earthworm has his digging; the bee her gathering and building; the spider her cunning network; the ant her treasury and accounts. 它无所事事，因为它不受任何残暴的虫子的摆布。蚯蚓要挖土打动，蜜蜂要采蜜筑窝，蜘蛛要巧织迷网，蚂蚁要聚财盘宝。 2)Reading make a full man; Conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. (F.Bacon:Of Studies) 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。(王佐良译) 4)夺取这个胜利，已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的力气了；巩固这个胜利，则是要很长的时间和要花费很大的力气的事情。 To win this victory will not require much time and efforts, but to consolidate it will. 他小的时候，他妈叫他去买红塘，他买了白糖回来。 One day, when he was a child, his mother sent him out to buy her some brown sugar, but he returned with som