2012句子的用途分类.docVIP

一、句子的用途分类 英语句子按其用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句四种。 陈述句 用于陈述事实或观点的句子叫做陈述句。分为肯定句和否定句两种。 1、肯定句 I enjoy playing computer games. play the drums She listens to English every morning. 2、否定句 I don’t enjoy playing computer games. She doesn’t listen to English every morning. 疑问句 用于提问的句子叫做疑问句。分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句四种。 一般疑问句 Does she listen to English every morning？ 特殊疑问句 What does she listen to every morning? who/whom She loves Rain. Who loves Rain? Whom/Who does she love? 选择疑问句 Does she listen to English or music every morning? I like dogs and cats.--Do you like dogs or cats? Have we got any beer and wine? =Do we have any beer and wine? 反意疑问句 She listens to English every morning，doesn’t she? 祈使句 用于表示请求、命令、劝告、建议等的句子叫做祈使句。 祈使句的主语一般省略，但其隐含主语通常为you。 祈使句否定结构是在句首加don’t。 Look out/be careful/watch out! theres a car coming. Don’t open the door. 感叹句 用于表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句。 what引导的感叹句 What a beautiful watch! how引导的感叹句 How beautiful the watch is! 二、句子的结构分类 英语句子按其结构可分为简单句、并列句、复合句三种。 简单句 只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)的句子成为简单句。 He enjoys listening to music. My father and my uncle always chat with each other in English. He stopped the car and waited for Sally. 并列句 两个或两个以上的简单句用等立连词(或用“；”、冒号“：”、逗号“，”等)连在一起构成的句子叫并列句。常用的等立连词有and(和)、so(因此,所以)、but(但是)、however(然而)、then(然后)、or(或者,否则)、otherwise(否则)、not only…but also…(不仅…而且…)、neither…nor…(既不…也不…)、either…or…(要么…要么…;不是…就是…)、while(而)、for(因为)等。 The light was red，so I had to stop my car. He is over/more than sixty，but he does not look old at all. I had a drink，then I went home. Either we go now or we remain/stay here forever. Neither I would go there nor he comes here. 复合句 有一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句所构成的句子结构叫复合句，也叫主从复合句。从句根据复合句中的作用分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句。 That he had made a mistake is strange. =It is strange that he had made a mistake.(主语从句) I believe (that) I can learn English well.(宾语从句) The problem is whether/if they will be able to help us.(表语从句) Most adults(=Most of the adults) who are learning a foreign language would disagree with this suggestion.(定语从句