Book7Unit3语法.ppt

动词-ing形式的被动式 动词-ing形式的被动式, 其构成为 “being+动词的过去分词”, 可在句中作主语, 表语, 宾语, 宾语补足语, 定语和状语, 但不能单独作谓语, 其完成形式为having been done, 多在句中作状语。 如果动词-ing形式的逻辑主语为所表示的动作的承受者，动词-ing形式要用被动语态，动词-ing形式的被动语态有一般式与完成式之分。 1)一般式: Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. George didn’t like being kept waiting. I am not interested in the topic being discussed. He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher. 他害怕被老师责骂。 而且在want, need, deserve, require等动 词后, 尽管表示的是被动含义, 我们却用 动词-ing形式，也可以用不定式的被动形 式来替换。如： The blackboard needs cleaning. = The blackboard needs to be cleaned. 黑板需要擦干净。 The broken window wants repairing. = The broken window wants to be repaired.? 那个破窗户需要修理。 另外注意be worth及be worthy 的用法：The problem is worth discussing.?The problem is worthy of being discussed.The problem is worthy to be discussed.?? 以上三个句子都意为“这个问题值得讨论”。 Ⅱ.v.-ing形式的句法功能 (1)作主语 Being punished by the coach made Tom unhappy. 被教练惩罚了使汤姆不高兴。 练习： (1)(2014·湖南·23)________ your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions. A．Understanding B．To be understood C．Being understood D．Having understood 答案：A　考查非谓语动词。所填词做题干的主语，应用动名词形式，且是陈述一个客观事实，用动名词的一般式，故选A项。 (2)(2013·福建·22)________ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies. A．Known B．Having known C．Knowing D．Being known 答案：C　本题考查非谓语动词的用法。Knowing basic first-aid techniques 为动名词短语，在句中充当主语。 (5)(2014·北京·25)Last night, there were millions of people ________ the opening ceremony live on TV. A．watch B．to watch C．watched D．watching 答案：D　 考查非谓语动词的用法。在“There be ＋主语 ”句型中，主语后的动词常用非谓语形式作定语。people与watch之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除A、C两项；D项不定式表示还没有发生的动作，故D项正确。句意为：昨天晚上有数百万的人观看了开幕式的现场直播。 (6)(2014·山东·6)Theres a note pinned to the door ________ when the shop will open again. A．saying B．says C．said D．having said 答案：A　考查非谓语动词。句意：门上贴着通知说，什么时候这个商店会再开业。空格处是作后置定语，故排除B项；此处a note与say之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，表示主动。 (3) 构成复合结构(宾语补足语) You’ll find the topic being discussed ever