暴风苏公式化语法第二章被动语态word版.doc

第二章：被动语态 英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。汉语中被动语态适用频率不是很高，但在英语中却是非常常见。在高考中单独考被动语态的题目不是很多，但是它与非谓语动词紧密联系，非谓语动词也可以认为是变相的被动语态。 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be +动词的过去分词构成。 第一讲：被动语态的时态、人称和数 被动语态的时态、人称和数主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时： am / is / are + given 一般过去时： was / were +given 一般将来时： shall / will +be+ given 现在进行时： am / is / are + being + given 现在完成时： have / has + been + given 过去完成时： had + been + given 过去进行时： was / were + being + given 过去将来时： should / would +be+ given 将来完成时： shall / will + have been + given 过去将来完成时： should / would + have been + given 1. 一般现在时： a. People grow rice in the south of the country. (主动) Rice is grown in the south of the country. （被动） b. The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. (主动) We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.（被动） 2. 一般过去时： a. They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. (主动) The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. （被动） b. The students didnt forget his lessons easily. (主动) His lessons were not easily forgotten. （被动） 3. 一般将来时： a. They will send cars abroad by sea. (主动) Cars will be sent abroad by sea. （被动） b. They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. (主动) Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers. （被动） 过去将来时： a. The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. (主动) The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. （被动） b. The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. (主动) The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible. （被动） 5. 现在进行时： a. The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. b. We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted. 6. 过去进行时： a. — Why didnt they drive there on time? — Because the workers were mending the road.