武汉大学考博英语复习要点.docVIP

第一章 阅读理解复习要点 一．博士研究生入学英语考试对阅读理解能力的要求 1．具有从各类题材和体裁的文章中获取信息的能力 题材：科普、政治、经济、教育、社会生活 体裁：叙述文、议论文、说明文 要扩大知识面，掌握各种体裁的文章特点。 2．对信息理解准确并具有一定的阅读速度 信息：作者的观点与倾向，篇章结构，各语句之间、段落之间的逻辑关系及文章的言外之意。 二．阅读理解能力的构成 1．语言能力 指语言、语法、词汇知识及运用这些知识理解和生成正确句子或话语的能力。 如： The progress of science depends upon many factors, and not least among these is the existence of satisfactory arrangements for the rapid exchange of new ideas and experimental results between research workers having similar interests. In a branch of learning that prides itself particularly upon its power of systematization, it is surprising that in this respect so much has been left to chance and so little has been done to formulate and follow an agreed policy appropriate to modern needs. There is, of course, no lack of scientific literature, both books and journals: the World List of Scientific Periodicals now lists some 50,000 titles. Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the words relevant to his own subject, far less to read extensively outside it. Yet wide reading is becoming increasingly important, for it is very frequently in the fields where several branches of science overlap that the most exciting results are obtained. It is implied in this passage that the progress of science may be hindered by_____________. A. lack of scientific ideas and experimental results B. lack of rapid exchange of ideas among scientists C. lack of an agreed policy appropriate to modern needs D. lack of literature overlapping several branches of science 文章翻译： 科学的进步取决于许多因素，其中相当重要的一个因素是：必须有一种令人满意的办法使得有相似兴趣的研究人员得以迅速交流新的想法和实验结果。然而，在以其系统化而著称的学科领域，在这方面人们任其自然，很少努力制订和遵循一种适应现代需求的普遍认可的政策。当然，科学文献――无论是书籍还是杂志――并不缺乏：世界科学期刊总览就列出了50,000种期刊。的确，几乎每一位科学家们都发现，要读遍与自己的学科相关的文献都不可能，更别说广泛阅读本学科以外的其他领域的文献了。然而，广泛的阅读正日益变得重要，因为正是在几门学科的交叉领域往往会出现令人兴奋的研究成果。 要求：扩大词汇量，注意一词多类、一词多义及一词在不同场合的不同应用。 2．扩大知识面 In NYSE, approximately 200 members function as floor brokers. Popularly known as $2 brokers because at one time that was their commission for handling a