Unit 2 Business sectors and Industries.ppt

Unit 2 Business sectors and Industries (Forms of business ownership/ organization / structure Review Translate the following terms into English: 利润率 加息 机会成本 独占市场 产品销售收入 合资企业 工资率 剩余价值 Fundamental knowledge of economics Two basic fields Four kinds of competition Absolute advantage and comparative advantage economic system ： free enterprise/Central planning /Liberal socialist economies Reports analyses Animal breeding Automobile industry Textile Tourism Railway transport Construction industry/ real estate Computer service industry Economics sectors Primary sector (extraction of raw materials) Secondary sector (manufacturing ) Tertiary sector (services ) Primary sector The primary sector of the economy involves changing natural resources into primary products. Most products from this sector are considered raw materials for other industries. Major businesses in this sector include agriculture, agribusiness, fishing, forestry and all mining and quarrying industries. Secondary sector The secondary sector of the economy includes those economic sectors that create a finished, usable product: manufacturing and construction. This sector is often divided into light industry and heavy industry. Tertiary sector The tertiary sector is also known as the service sector or the service industry. The general definition of the tertiary sector is producing a service instead of just an end product. Sometimes an additional sector, the quaternary sector, is defined for the sharing of information (which normally belongs to the tertiary sector). Sectors divided by ownership public sector private sector voluntary sector public sector The public sector, sometimes referred to as the state sector is a part of the state that deals with either the production, delivery and allocation of goods and services by and for the government or its citizens, whether national, regional or local/municipal. private sector the private sector is that part of the economy which is both run for pri