初一衔接班分析.docx

第一讲：英语语系的简介英语语法公式=词法+句法介词名词连词代词形容词词法冠词副词数词动词 +特殊句式句子种类句法主谓一致句子结构词法重点：名词: 名词的数，修饰语，所有格代词：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词，疑问代词，相互代词冠词：不定冠词，定冠词，数词：基数词，序数词介词：分类，常用用法连词：分类形容词、副词：比较级，最高级，位置动词：连系动词，实义动词，助动词，情态动词，非谓语动词句法重点：句子种类：陈述，疑问，祈使，感叹句子结构：简单，并列，复合（名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句）特殊句式：倒装，强调，省略主谓一致：语法一致，意义一致，就近一致*掌握语法的关键之一是：分清句子里所有词的词性和充当句子的成分For example：1． I am Niko.词性: 人称代词连系动词名词句子成分：主语谓语宾语2. Niko is a beautiful girl.词性: 名词连系动词不定冠词形容词名词句子成分：主语谓语定语宾语3. I love my family very much.词性: 人称代词实义动词形容词性物主代词名词副词副词句子成分：主语谓语定语宾语状语4. Niko doesn’t like shopping. 词性: 名词助动词实义动词动名词句子成分：主语谓语宾语Exercise：(分析一下句子和文章中的句子成分和词性)Han Han is a Chinese professional author.His fans are excited about his novels.He cares about the people and the truthHan is a young guy who dares to speak out.He doesn’t like the paparazzi. Spring Festival is the most important traditional festival for the Chinese people. Because China is a big country, people in different parts of the country have different ways to celebrate Spring Festival. People eat noodles, dumplings and so on; they hope to live longer and healthier. During Spring Festival, people like to visit relatives. Children love Spring Festival very much, because they can eat delicious food, wear new clothes and let off firecrackers, and they also can get lucky money to buy things that they want.第二讲：代词一．人称代词和物主代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：单复数、人称名称单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem物主代词形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。Is this your book?No,，it isn’t， it’s hers(her book)This pen is mine.口诀：形容词性物主代词能力差，自己不能来当家，后面需把名词加。名词性物主代词能力强，自己独来又独往。二，反身代词表示“我（们）自己”、“你（们）自己”、“他、她、它（们）自己”的词，叫做