Glycopyrrolate-1.doc

Glycopyrrolate From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search Glycopyrrolate Systematic (IUPAC) name 3-(2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetoxy)-1,1-dimethylpyrrolidinium Clinical data AHFS/D monograph MedlinePlus a602014 Pregnancy cat. B Legal status ?? Routes oral, IV Pharmacokinetic data Half-life 0.6–1.2 hours Excretion 85% renal, unknown amount in the bile Identifiers CAS number 596-51-0?Y ATC code A03AB02 PubChem CID 3494 DrugBank APRD01000 ChemSpider 11201?Y UNII V92SO9WP2I?Y KEGG D00540?Y ChEMBL CHEMBL1201335?N Chemical data Formula C19H28NO3+ Mol. mass 318.431 g/mol SMILES eMolecules PubChem InChI[show] InChI=1S/C19H28NO3.BrH/c1-20(2)13-12-17(14-20)23-18(21)19(22,16-10-6-7-11-16)15-8-4-3-5-9-15;/h3-5,8-9,16-17,22H,6-7,10-14H2,1-2H3;1H/q+1;/p-1?YKey:VPNYRYCIDCJBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M?Y ?N?(what is this?)??(verify) Glycopyrrolate is a medication of the muscarinic anticholinergic group. It does not cross the blood brain barrier and consequently has no to few central effects. It is a synthetic quaternary amine. It is available in oral and intravenous (i.v.) forms. It was developed by Sosei and licensed to Novartis in 2005. With counterion, it is known as glycopyrronium bromide.[1] Contents ?[hide]? 1 Pharmacology 2 Medical uses 3 Side effects 4 References [edit] Pharmacology Glycopyrrolate blocks muscarinic receptors,[2] thus inhibiting cholinergic transmission. [edit] Medical uses In anesthesia, glycopyrrolate injection can be used as a preoperative medication in order to reduce salivary, tracheobronchial, and pharyngeal secretions, as well as decreasing the acidity of gastric secretion. It is also used in conjunction with neostigmine, a neuromuscular blocking reversal agent, to prevent neostigmines muscarinic effects such as bradycardia. It is also used to reduce excessive saliva (sialorrhea).[3][4][5] It decreases acid secretion in the stomach and so may be used for treating stomach ulcers, in combination with ot