chapter 16 内分泌系统课件.pptVIP

Chapter 16 Endocrine System Sample of endocrine test results What are they? Pituitary gland/hypophysis Adenohypophysis 腺垂体前叶 neurohypophysis 垂体神经部, 神经(性)垂体 (垂体后叶) Hormones secreted by hypophysis GH/somatotropin 生长激素 Prolactin/lactogenic hormone 催乳素 Thyrotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲状腺激素 ACTH(=adrenocorticotropic hormone) /adrenocorticotropin/corticotropin 促肾上腺皮质激素 Hormones secreted by hypophysis Gonadotropic hormones 促性腺激素 FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone 促卵泡激素 ICSH=interstitial cell-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone 促间质细胞激素,促黄体激素 MSH/melanotrophin=melanocyte-stimulating hormone 促黑色素细胞激素 Vasopressin/ADH=antidiuretic hormone 后叶加压素,抗利尿激素 oxytocin (后叶)催产素,缩宫素 Hormone secreted by pineal body melatonin 退黑激素 Hormones secreted by thyroid gland Thyroxine甲状腺素 Tetraiodothyronine (T4)四碘甲腺原氨酸 Triiodothyronine (T3)三碘甲腺原氨酸 Protein-bound iodine (PBI) calcitonin降血钙素(一种调节血中含钙量之荷尔蒙) Hormones secreted by parathyroid glands Parathyroid hormone or parathormone 甲状旁腺激素 Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (I) Corticosteroids = adrenocortical hormones 肾上腺皮质激素 Mineralocorticoids 矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素 Aldosterone 醛固酮 Glucocorticoids 糖皮质激素 Cortisol 考的松,皮质醇 corticosterone 肾上腺酮; 皮质脂酮 Sex hormones Androgen Estrogen Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (II) adrenal medullary hormone Catecholamines 儿茶酚胺 Epinephrine=adrenaline 肾上腺素 norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素 Hormones secreted by pancreas Glucagon 胰高血糖素(alpha cells) Insulin (beta cells) Other endocrine glands What hormone has this function? Regulating the biological clock of the body melatonin What hormone has this function? Regulating the activities of several other endocrine glands such as thyroid, adrenals, reproductive glands Anterior pituitary hormones What hormone has this function? regulating the rate of metabolism Thyroxine Parathormone corticosteroids What hormone has this function? Decreasing the concentration of calcium in the blood calcitonin 降血钙素 What hormone has this function? Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood ins