Lectue One.ppt

Lecture One Introduction to Translation and Business English Translation Part I Introduction to Translation I Nature of translation Examples: However, such measures touch only the tip, but not address the basis of the problem. This thesis leaves much to be desired. 然而，这样的措施只不过是蜻蜓点水，并没有触及问题的根源。 张培基： 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动 。 Eugene Nida: Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. IIStandard of translation Yan Fu : be faithful, be expressive and be elegant. Other standards 1.The source-language-oriented principle e.g. He always lives ahead of his salary. 2. The target-language-oriented principle e.g. He wanted to learn, to know, to teach. 3. The aesthetics-oriented principle 4. the sociosemiotics-oriented principle A. designative meaning (指称意义) B. linguistic meaning (言内意义) C. pragmatic meaning (语用意义) IIISeveral contradictions influencing translating methods 1. contradictions between source language and target language phonetic system lexical system syntactic system 2. contradictions between source-language culture and target-language culture Part II Business English Translation I nature of business English Business English common English IIFeatures of business English a. Profession related e.g. The terms of the transaction have been negotiated on an arm’s length basis. 译文： 交易条款按照公平原则商订。 b. Formality e.g. We have made you an offer at a very competitive price. 我方已按很低的价格向贵方报盘。 c. Specification and clearness e.g. The vendor shall deliver the goods to the vendee by June 15. 卖方须于6月15日(包含15日)前将货交给买方。 d. Politeness e.g. 1. Your letter is not clear at all, I cannot understand it. Revised: If I understood your letter correctly, I would immediately accept your offer. Thank you for your letter of June 6 and we enclose our Order No