第4章程序的控制结构3.pptVIP

第4章 程序的控制结构 本章学习内容 算法的描述方法 常用算法（累加累乘、统计、递推迭代、穷举） 选择结构及相关控制语句 循环结构及相关控制语句 结构化程序设计的基本思想 Skill: Map problem to solution in flowchart and pseudocode forms Be able to develop a program containing selection and loop control structure 实验3 #include stdlib.h #include stdio.h #include time.h main() { int magic; int guess; int counter; srand(time(NULL)); magic = rand() % 100 + 1; counter = 0; do{ printf(Please guess a magic number:); scanf(%d, guess); counter ++; if (guess magic) printf(Wrong! Too high!\n); else if (guess magic) printf(Wrong! Too low!\n); else printf(Right!\n); }while ((guess != magic) (counter 10)); printf(counter = %d \n, counter); } 嵌套循环 …… do{ magic = rand() % 100 + 1; counter = 0; do{ printf(Please guess a magic number:); scanf(%d, guess); counter ++; if (guess magic) printf(Wrong!Too high!\n); else if (guess magic) printf(Wrong!Too low!\n); else printf(Right!\n); }while ((guess!=magic) (counter10)); printf(counter = %d\n, counter); printf(Do you want to continue(Y/N or y/n)?); scanf( %c, reply); }while ((reply == Y) || (reply == y)); 嵌套循环 使用复合语句，以保证逻辑上的正确性 即用一对大花括号将各层循环体语句括起来 内层和外层循环控制变量不能同名，以免造成混乱 采用右缩进格式书写嵌套循环，以保证层次的清晰性 #include stdio.h main() { int m, n; for (m=1; m10; m++) printf(%4d, m); /*打印表头*/ printf(\n); for (m=1; m10; m++) printf( -); printf(\n); for (m=1; m10; m++) { for (n=1; n10; n++) { printf(%4d, m * n); } printf(\n); } } 例4.15：打印下三角乘法九九表 #include stdio.h main() { int m, n; for (m=1; m10; m++) printf(%4d, m); /*打印表头*/ printf(\n); for (m=1; m10; m++) printf( -); printf(\n); for (m=1; m10; m++) { for (n=1; n=m; n++) { printf(%4d, m * n); } printf(\n); } } 流程的转移控制 break语句 和 continue语句