（毕业论文）灵魂独舞——浅析卡夫卡及其作品中的孤独意识.docVIP

摘 要 卡夫卡作为西方现代主义文学的先驱，作为时代的先行者，在社会精神文明陷入困境时，他独自一人去追寻，开拓了一个精神的荒原。卡夫卡是孤独的，与生俱来的孤独气质，家庭环境的影响，时代和社会的压迫，这些都使得孤独在他身上刻啄下独特的印记。面对这个陌生的、异化的世界，他从一开始惧怕、忍受着这种孤独，到最后去接受、追寻、享受孤独，这种孤独意识在他的作品中得到了充分的体现。卡夫卡的作品充满着荒诞、孤独、绝望和恐惧，而孤独始终是他作品的主题。《变形记》、《判决》等是他在家庭中的孤独，《美国》、《城堡》是他在社会中的孤独，《地洞》是他面对这个世界的孤独和恐惧……孤独已然成为卡夫卡个性中最突出的一部分，可谓是他精神世界的实质。而他就像是一个孤独的流浪者，在现实生活中无处安放自己，只是紧紧守着自己内心深处的那一片小天地，用敏感的心灵来感知周围陌生的世界，在精神世界中四处漂泊，居无定所。卡夫卡式的孤独，既是穷尽一生在追求孤独，又是忍受孤独的痛苦；既是对孤独的恐惧，又是对孤独被夺走的恐惧。这种孤独意识是一种本能的孤独、一种无奈的孤独、一种来自于灵魂深处的孤独。 关键词 弗兰茨·卡夫卡；孤独；绝望；流浪 Abstract Kafka as the originator of western modernism, as the forerunner of the era, in the social spiritual civilization in trouble, he alone to pursue and develop a spiritual wasteland. Kafka is lonely, born with a lonely temperament, family environment, social oppression, All of these make lonely moment plucked unique mark on him. And face this strange world, alienation of the world, he from the beginning of fear and endure this loneliness, in the end to accept, to pursue, to enjoy alone! This kind of lonely consciousness in his works were fully reflect Kafkas works are full of absurdity, loneliness, despair and fear, and loneliness is always the theme of his works. The Metamorphosis The Trial and so on is the loneliness in the family, America, The Castle is the societys loneliness, hole is the face of the world of loneliness and fear......Loneliness has become the most prominent part of Kafka personality, is the essence of his mental world. He is like a wanderer in real life, no place to place their own, closely guarding their heart that a little world, to perceive the strange world, with a sensitive heart of fear, wandering around in the spiritual world, of no fixed abode! Kafkaesque lonely, is not only the end life in the pursuit of loneliness, and bear the pain of loneliness, it is not only the fear of loneliness, and fear of loneliness was taken. This sense of loneliness is a kind of instinct of a lonely, a kind of helpless loneliness, a kind of come