第6章细胞的能量转换─线粒体与叶绿体2010(免费阅读).pptVIP

MITO time line Pre 1900 First descriptions of mitochondria in cells; speculations about them as bacteria 1930s1930 Formulation of urea and TCA cycle by H. Krebs 1950s1950 Identification of mitochondria by electron microscopy (Palade, Sjostrand) 1950s Mitochondria as site of fatty acid oxidation (Lehninger, Kennedy) Mitochondria as site of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation 1953 Discovery of cytoplasmic inheritance in yeast (Ephrussi, Slonimski) 1955 Definitive respiratory chain analysis (Chance and Williams, Ernster) 1960s 70s1960 Fractionation and characterization of major complexes of electron transport chain and ATP synthase. Definition of mobile carriers ubiquinone and cytochrome c 1961 Discovery of DNA in mitochondria (M.M.K. and S. Nass) 1962-70s Formulation of chemiosmotic hypothesis by P. Mitchell and slow acceptance by the scientific community 1980s 1980s Identification of all genes on mammalian mtDNA Elucidation of poly-cistronic transcripts, RNA processing, mRNAs Identification of translation products In vitro mitochondrial protein import and definition of requirements Basics of mtDNA replication 1981 Complete sequence of a mammalian mitochondrial DNA 1988 First molecular identification of cause of mitochondrial diseases 1990s First complete sequences of plant mtDNAs Transformation of mtDNA in yeast (introduction of DNA by microprojectiles) 1997 Mitochondria and apoptosis: bcl2, cytochrome c; the permeability1997 Direct demonstration of molecular rotation associated with complex V activitytransition 2000 1995-2000 Crystal structures of complex III, complex IV, F1 ATPsynthase2000 The Mitochondria Research Society and the Mitochondrion journal - Mitochondrial diseases can affect any organ in the body and at any age. - Mitochondrial diseases are severely debilitating(使虚弱的), often fatal and characteristically complex in nature. They are inherited through the mother, but can also be inherited from either parent. They can also be sporadic