Language acquisition 语言获得与习得课件.pptVIP

In addition, children who can not speak because of some other neurological or physiological defects can learn a language. Children do not imitate blindly. They make selective use of imitation，for example, in learning vocabulary. Imitation does not play a key role in the first language acquisition. Language Acquisition 语言 语言观察 语言研究 语言学 理论语言学 应用语言学 结构语言学 生成语言学 功能语言学 语音学 词汇学 语义学 语法学 社会语言学 文化语言学 语言教学 计算语言学 病理语言学 心理语言学 交际语言学 法律语言学 地理语言学 广告语言学 词义学词源学语汇学 …… 句法学形态学词法学 …… 人类语言学 语言风格学 社会语言学 人名学 地名学 儿童语言学 传播语言学 对外汉语教学 语言学学科体系 语言习得 Overview 1.Introduction a child’s acquisition of his mother tongue How does the child comes to understand and speak the language of his community? How is language learned? to better understand the nature of human language developmental process In the acquisition of mother tongues, despite of a certain individual differences, all normal children, brought up with appropriate mother tongue input in appropriate linguistic context, can successfully acquire their mother tongues and the stages they experience in the mother tongue acquisition are similar. Language acquisition is primarily the acquisition of the grammatical system. No one can store all the words and expressions in his mind. A child usually constructs his grammatical rules by listening to the linguistic input that surrounds him and speaks according to his own constructed grammar. Without these productive rules, a language user would be unable to produce and understood an unlimited number of sentences which he has never heard or used before. Language acquisition is mainly the acquisition of grammatical rules. This does not mean that it is the acquisition of each specific rule. What a child has acquired is a limited number of highly abstract and general principles, ignoring the irregular cases. Eg: A child may add “-s ” to the end of a noun to form the plural form, whether the noun is regular or irregular. Therefore, the mistakes that a child makes are systematic and p