被动语态 上课.pptVIP

一、定义 语态是动词的一种形式，用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。当主语是谓语动作的执行者，则为主动语态；当主语是谓语动作的承受者，则为被动语态。 二、构成 被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。 三、常见用法 （1）It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句 It is hoped/believed/reported/thought/…that…. Sb is hoped/believed/reported/thought/… to do sth。 常用于这一结构的动词有： say,report,expect,prove,suppose，hope,believe, think等 eg. ①It is reported that they are sailing in the Pacific. They are reported to be sailing in the Pacific. ②It is hoped that he will be better soon. He is hoped to be better soon. Exercises: ①据报道,下个月又一颗人造卫星将会被发送到月球上. It is reported that another manned satellite will be sent into the moon next month. Another manned satellite is reported to be sent into the moon next month. ②人们认为这三个失踪的海员已经淹死了. It is believed that the three missing sailors have drowned. The three missing sailors are believed to have drowned . （2）情态动词的被动语态 情态动词被动语态的结构为： 一般式：情态动词can,could,may,might,must,should,need等+ be+过去分词. 完成式：情态动词can,could,may,might,must,should,need等+ have+ been+过去分词。 eg. ①His plan needn’t be mentioned in your speech. ②Your task might have been completed ahead of time. 四、特殊用法 （1）含有动词短语的主动句变为被动句时，不要漏掉其后的介词或副词。 eg. We must take good care of the children. ------- The children must be taken good care of。 （2）宾语+补语”又叫复合宾语，变被动语态时，只讲宾语变为被动句的主语，补语位置保持不动，但是其变为主语补足语了。 eg.Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette in the toilet. ------The boy was caught smoking a cigarette in the toilet. （3）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面用动词不定式作宾语补足语时，主动结构中不定式符号to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to. eg.Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. ----- A stranger was seen to walk into the building. （4）有些常用于被动语态的动词具有形容词的功能，这类动词形式有: be bored with, be born with, be born in/on, be fascinated by, be impressed by/with, be interested in, be situated in/on, be surprised at/by, be disappointed at/by…… 1)The children are getti