急性上尿路梗阻性无尿的临床研究方案.doc

急性上尿路梗阻性无尿的临床研究 中文摘要 目的 提高我国对急性尿路梗阻性无尿的了解和认识。 方法 根据我国最近几年的文献报道，针对35例患有上尿路梗阻病人的案例进行研究，分析了病人的病因诊断和梗阻诊断，治疗和肾功能可复性预测等等。 结果 证明了所有患者的病因都是急性上尿路梗阻，其中1例患者由于肾性无尿且长期服用庆大霉素，发展成为肿瘤压迫；2例患者多次出现无尿多尿交替现象；1例患者由于切除膀胱肿瘤造成输尿管结石，形成了输尿管梗阻。目前引起上尿路梗阻的病因通常有结石和肿瘤以及输尿管狭窄等原因。其中输尿管结石占据的比例最高，其次为女性生殖器肿瘤占据第二的位置。 结论 （1）当患者出现急性无尿、多尿的时候首先考虑是否是由梗阻导致的。 （2）出现急性梗阻无尿的病因通常是患有结石和肿瘤的患者。 （3）患有急性梗阻无尿的患者肾功能通常会收到损害。 （4）要严格控制患者的输液速度和输液量。 （5）针对病因，通常先处理梗阻时间短以及肾功能比较好的患者。 （6）患有肿瘤的患者通常采用尿道流改道术。 （7）在梗阻解除之后的12小时和24小时的时候检查患者有无尿期，以及尿量的多少来检测患者的肾功能的恢复情况。 关键词 肾功能 无尿 梗阻 Clinical study of acute upper urinary tract obstruction Abstract 目的 提高我国对急性尿路梗阻性无尿的了解和认识。 Objective : to improve the understanding and recognition of the acute urinary tract obstruction in our country. Methods: According to the literatures reported in recent years in our country, the cases of 35 patients with upper urinary tract obstruction were studied. The etiology diagnosis and obstruction diagnosis, treatment and prediction of renal function were analyzed. Results: That is the cause of all patients with acute upper urinary tract obstruction, including 1 cases of patients due to renal anuria and the long-term use of gentamicin, become the tumor oppression; 2 patients appeared several times without the urine more alternating phenomenon; 1 patients with resection of bladder tumor caused by ureteral calculi, ureteral obstruction form. At present, the etiology of upper urinary tract obstruction is usually caused by stones, tumors and ureteral stricture. Ureteral stones accounted for the highest proportion, followed by female genital tumors accounted for second of the location. Conclusions: （1） when patients with acute non - urine, multi - urine when the first consideration is caused by obstruction. 2、出现急性梗阻无尿的病因通常是患有结石和肿瘤的患者。 （2）the etiology of acute obstruction of the urinary tract is usually suffering from stones and tumor patients. 3、患有急性梗阻无尿的患者肾功能通常会收到损害。 （3）patients with acute obstruction of non urin