脑包虫病-细粒棘球绦虫感染MRI诊断2012.2.27.pptVIP

Cerebral hydatid disease-Echinococcus granulosus infection MRI diagnose脑包虫病-细粒棘球绦虫感染MRI诊断  2012.2.27 概述 Hydatid disease is a worldwide zoonosis produced by the larval stage of the Echinococcus tapeworm.包虫病是一种流行于全世界范围的动物源性寄生虫病，主要是由棘球绦虫幼虫所引发。 The two main types of hydatid disease are caused by E granulosus and E multilocularis. E granulosus is the more common type .引发包虫病的两种主要的寄生虫类型分别是细粒棘球绦虫和多房棘球绦虫，细粒棘球绦虫更常见 。 whereas E multilocularis is less common but more invasive, mimicking a malignancy.多房棘球绦虫少见但侵袭性更强，其表现类似于恶性病变。 It is commonly seen in the great grazing regions of the World, particularly the Mediterranean region, Africa, South America, the Middle East, Australia, and New Zealand.它常见于世界上的的牧区，特别是地中海区域、非洲、南美、东亚、澳大利亚和新西兰。 Dogs or other carnivores are definitive hosts, whereas sheep or other ruminants are intermediate hosts.狗或其他的肉食动物是终宿主，而羊或其他的反刍性动物是中间宿主。 Humans are secondarily infected by the ingestion of food or water that has been contaminated by dog feces containing the eggs of the parasite.被包含有寄生虫卵的狗粪所污染的食物或水被人类摄入从而引起继发性感染。 Intracranial granulosus echinococcosis occurs in only approximately 2% of cases of hydatid disease.颅内的细粒棘球绦虫感染仅见于约2％的包虫病病例。 typically involving the cerebral parenchyma, especially the parietal lobes, corresponding to the middle cerebral artery watershed territory. Intracranial subarachnoid spaces are the second most common location of the disease in the CNS, although their occurrence is far less frequent. 通常累及大脑实质，特别是顶叶，符合大脑中动脉分水岭区，颅内的蛛网膜下腔是第二好发部位。 Cases of cerebral aqueduct cyst, gigantic cyst arising from the diploe of cranial bones with intracranial extension, and intradural spinal hydatid cysts have been reported. 发生于大脑导水管的囊肿、起源于颅骨板障并延伸至颅内的巨大囊肿、以及椎管内硬膜下囊肿都有报道。 Cysts are usually single and may be unilocular or multilocular.囊肿常常是单发的，可以是单房或多房。  Cerebral hydatid cyst is more common in children than in adults.儿童大脑包虫囊肿比成人更常见。 At MRI, cerebral hydatid disease generally appears unilocular and is isointense relative to cerebrospinal