静电纺丝技术论文稀土钙钛矿型氧化物纳米带的制备及光催化性质研究.docVIP

静电纺丝技术论文：稀土钙钛矿型氧化物纳米带的制备及光催化性质研究 【中文摘要】稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物具有稳定的晶体结构和优异的物化性能,在固体燃料电池、固体电解质、传感器和催化等领域受到越来越多的关注,特别是在光催化领域,成为人们研究的热点。静电纺丝技术是一种制备纳米材料的较新的方法,目前已被用于制备多种一维纳米材料。采用静电纺丝技术制备稀土钙钛矿型复合氧化物纳米带是一个重要而迫切的课题。本论文中采用溶胶-凝胶法与静电纺丝技术相结合,以无机盐为原料,PVP为模板剂,DMF为溶剂,制备了一系列PVP/无机盐复合纳米带,在600℃-800℃进行热处理,得到钙钛矿型复合氧化物LaMO3(M=Cr, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Al)纳米带,采用差热-热重(TG-DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微(FE-SEM)、能谱(EDS)和红外光谱(FTIR)等测试技术对样品进行了表征。结果表明,所制备的复合纳米带表面光滑平整,宽度均匀,约7-19μm,厚300-600nm；LaCrO3和LaFeO3纳米带为正交晶系,宽约2-8μm,厚度约为1OOnm, LaMnO3、LaCoO3、LaNiO3和LaAlO3纳米带为三方晶系,宽度约为2-7μm,厚约100nm。钙钛矿型氧化物纳米带表面粗糙,宽度和厚度有所减小。以罗丹明B为目标降解物研究了LaMO3(M=Cr, Fe)纳米带在紫外灯激发下的光催化活性,LaCrO3(800℃)纳米带光照200min后对罗丹明B的降解率为94.55%；LaFeO3(800℃)纳米带光照180min后对罗丹明B的降解率为89.56%。讨论了LaMO3纳米带的形成机理,获得了一些有意义的新结果。 【英文摘要】Rare earth perovskite-typed composite oxides(ABO3) are new types of inorganic non-metallic materials with stable crystal structure and unique physical and chemical properties. They have drawn more and more attention of scientists in the field of solid fuel cell, solid electrolyte, sensor and catalysis, especially in photocatalysis. Electrospinning is a new method for preparation of nanomaterials and a lot of one-dimensional nanomaterials have been prepared by electrospinning. It is an important and urgent research subject to fabricate rare earth perovskite-type oxides nanobelts via electrospinning technique.In this dissertation, inorganic metallic salts were used as raw materials, PVP was employed as template and DMF as solvent. PVP/metallic salts composite nanobelts were fabricated by combination of sol-gel and electrospinning. LaM03(M=Cr,Fe,Mn,Co,Ni,Al) nanobelts were prepared by calcination of the relevant composite nanobelts at 600℃-800℃The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis(TG-DTA), X-ray diffractometry(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM). energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR). It is found that the composite nanobelts were smooth and uniform, and the