b3u2ThethirdperiodGrammar3文档.docVIP

The third period Grammar 情态动词 1. ought to／should should 和ought to 都为“应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。ought to 的语气稍重一些。 You ought to (should) follow your teacher’s advice. 表示主语的义务或责任： You should take care of your sister． 你应当去照顾你妹妹。 或指出—个正确、明智的动作： They shouldnt allow parking here；the street is too narrow． 这儿不该允许停车；马路太窄了。 should 和ought to 后面跟动词不定式的完成式,其肯定句表示”过去应该做而未做”, 其否定句则表示”过去不该做但做了”。 You should/ought to have made the decision a week ago. I shouldnt have made such a foolish mistake. 多数情况下，ought to 可与should互换使用。ought to的反意疑问句用shouldn’t替代。 2. must和have to 　 must的用法? 1）表示主观的义务和必要,?主要用于肯定句和疑问句,?意思为?“必须……，得……，要……”；由must 引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have?to,?否定回答要用needn’t或don’t?have?to,? 意思是“不必” ； must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。如：? — Must?I?finish?the?task?right?now?? 　 我现在必须完成这个工作吗？ —Yes,?you?must.?/?Yes,?you?have?to.? 是的。? (—No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. 不，不必。) You mustn’t come here without permission. 未经允许，你不能来这儿。　　 have?to?的用法? 1）must表示一种主观的需要，而have?to?表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”。?如：? I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。 Mother is out, so I have to look after the shop. 　 妈妈不在家，因此我不得不照看商店。? 2）have?to?的否定形式是don’t have to, 相当于needn’t。如： They don’t have to buy a computer at present. 　 他们目前没有必要买电脑。? 背景知识 I．Healthy Eating for Lifetime Variety, Balance and Moderation A healthy diet includes all foods. Variety is important because no one food can provide all the nutrients the body needs for health. Try new foods to tantalize your taste and vary your nutrient intake. We can make many possible choices within each food group. Choices may be made to accentuate specific needs like fiber. For example, in the protein-rich ‘meat’ group, beans are a low fat, high fiber option compared to ground beef. In the fruit group, whole fruit is usually a higher fiber choice than fruit juice. Foods con