第3章 简单力系课件.pptVIP

1 Coplanar force equilibrium problems for a point can be using the following procedure. *Choose reasonable “point ” *Draw the free body diagram of the point *Establish the polygon of force *Determine the unknown forces by using geometry relation the deficiencies Lack accuracy,has error It request that precision of drawing is very high It can’t to express the function relations of each forces We must study the another method to resolve coplanar force equilibrium problems for a point Analytic method 平面汇交力系合成与平衡的解析法 Addition and equilibrium of a system of coplanar current forces in using analytic method 一、力在坐标轴上的投影 Projection of force in a plane X=Fx=F·cosa ; Y=Fy=F·sina = F ·cosb O X Y FY A FX F scalar notation 投影正负的规定 若投影指向与坐标轴正向一致，投影为正，反之为负 Positive scalars Fx and Fy since the sense of direction is along the positive x and y axes, opposite the projection is negative To determine the projection of all forces to x and y axes when a force perpendicular to a axis, the projection of the force is zero 结论： 当力与坐标轴垂直时，投影为零。 计算各力在X轴、Y轴的投影 解 solution 二、合力投影定理 The theorem of resultant projection 由图可看出，各分力在x 轴投影的和为： from the left diagram we can see that the procedure to x axis of the resultant is that 合力投影定理：合力在任一轴上的投影，等于各分力在同一 轴上投影的代数和。 同理 As the same The projection to any axis of resultant equals the sum of the projections to the same axis of all forces. 合力的大小： Magnitude of resultant 方向：direction ∴ 为该力系的汇交点 The current point of the force system 三、平面汇交力系平衡的解析条件 the analytic condition of equilibrium of coplanar force system 从前述可知：平面汇交力系平衡的必要与充分条件是该力系的合力为零。 As before,the sufficient and necessary condition of coplanar force system is that the resultant equals zero. 即： 平衡方程 equilibrium equations 作用点： sense 例3-3 一吊环受到三条钢丝绳的拉力，如图3-3所示。已知F1=2000N，水平向左; F2=2500N，与水平成30°角; F3 =1500N，铅垂向下，试用解析法求合力的大小和方向。 A ring is subjected three pull forces of iron lines as shown in Fig 3-3,we known that the force. F1=2000N ,F2=2500N ,F3 =1500N. to determine th