船舶空调制冷系统及节能措施.doc

大连海事大学 毕业论文 二零一四年十月 船舶空调制冷系统及节能措施 专业班级：轮机管理2010级 姓 名： 李 召 远 指导教师： 轮机工程学院 内容摘要 摘要：为保证船舶安全航行和船员的舒适，目前，远洋船舶均设有集中式中央空调装置。万吨级以上的远洋船舶空调系统耗电功率约占船舶电网总容量的20%，是现代船舶主要的耗能装置。目前，随着石油价格的逐渐攀升致使船舶营运成本不断加大，各大远洋公司和造船企业都将如何实现船舶运营的节能增效作为重要课题进行研究，因而如何提高作为船舶主要耗能装置的空调装置的制冷效率实现能耗的降低已成为一个重要研究课题。本文首先对船舶制冷系统做了整体地概述，先后介绍了制冷方式，船舶制冷系统的主要元件，船舶常用的制冷剂和船舶上常用的压缩式制冷工作原理以及船舶空调装置的一些新技术的跟踪研究，分析总结出船舶空调装置节能的几点措施。 关键词：中央空调 节能 制冷效率 制冷方式 ABSTRACT:In order to ensure the safe navigation of ships and crew comfort, at present, ocean going ships are equipped with central air conditioner device. Marine air conditioning power of above of 10 thousand tons of class about the total capacity of ship power system is 20%, the main energy dissipation device of modern ship. At present, with oil prices rising the ship operating costs continue to increase, the major ocean shipping company and shipbuilding enterprises will be how to achieve energy efficiency operation of ships as an important subject for research, so how to improve the refrigerating efficiency of the air conditioner device decreases as the main energy consuming device to realize the ship energy consumption has become an important research topic. This paper first gave an overall overview of marine refrigeration system, has introduced the cooling methods, the main component of marine refrigerating system, tracking of some new technology of ship used refrigerant and ship on the commonly used compression refrigeration principle and ship air conditioning device, analyses and summarizes some measures of energy saving of air conditioning device of ship. Keyword:central air conditioner device energy conservation refrigerating efficiency cooling methods 船舶空调制冷系统及节能措施 前言 船舶空调不仅为船员、旅客的工作和生活创造适宜的人工气候，还为船舶其它器械设备正常运行提供必备的环境。远洋船舶的空调设备是船舶的主要设备之一，其用电量占全船电网容量的20%以上。伴随着船舶大型化和高智能化，及时掌握船舶空调运行状态，预测诊断潜在的故障，是船舶安全运行的重要保障和提高船舶经济性能的必