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Berry Phase PhenomenaOptical Hall effect and Ferroelectricity as quantum charge pumping Naoto Nagaosa CREST, Dept. Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo Electrons with ”constraint” Projection onto positive energy state Spin-orbit interaction as SU(2) gauge connection Fermat’s principle and principle of least action Trajectories of light and particle Geometrical phase (Berry phase) Effective Lagrangian of wave packet Light in weakly inhomogeneous medium Equations of motion of optical packet Reflection and refraction at an interface Conservation law of angular momentum Comparison with numerical simulation Photonic crystal and Berry phase Wave in periodic structure -- Bloch wave -- Dielectric function and photonic band Berry curvature of optical Bloch wave Berry curvature in photonic crystal Trajectory of wave packet in photonic crystal classical theory of polarization Ferroelectricity in Phz-H2ca Geometrical meaning of polarization in 1D two-band model Strings as trajectories of band-crossing points only along strings (trajectories of band-crossing points)　　　　　　　　　　　with k in [-p/a,p/a] d-function singularity along strings (monopoles in k space) 2. Divergence-free 3. Total flux of the string is quantized to be an integer (Pontryagin index, or wrapping number):　[c.f. Thouless] Biot-Savart law, asymptotic behavior charge pumping Specific models Simplest physically relevant models Motivation of this study Polarization and Angular momentum Action and quantum mechanics “Wave and geometrical optics”, “Quantum and classical mechanics” Hall effect of 2DES in periodic potential Optical path length and action Why is it interpreted as the optical Hall effect ? Earlier Studies Summary Topological effects in wave phenomena of electrons → What are the corresponding phenomena of light? Equations of motion of optical packet with internal rotation Deflection of light due to anomalous velocity QHE, Intrinsic AHE, Intrinsic spin HE ~ Optical HE Photonic